FINALS: Intro to Malignancies (3)

Myeloproliferative neoplasm

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is classified as which type of disorder?

Pluripotential hematopoietic stem cell

CML arises from a genetic translocation in which cell?

Myeloid

CML is characterized by clonal overproduction of which cell line?

Philadelphia chromosome

Which chromosome abnormality is characteristic of CML?

Chromosomes 9 and 22

The Philadelphia chromosome results from a reciprocal translocation between:

Constitutively active tyrosine kinase

The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene produces a protein with which activity?

Remains active without normal regulatory signals

The BCR-ABL1 fusion protein is described as constitutively active because it:

p210

Which BCR-ABL1 protein variant is commonly associated with CML?

p190

Which BCR-ABL1 protein variant is often associated with ALL?

1973

The Philadelphia chromosome was discovered by Rowley in:

Imatinib mesylate

Which drug changed the prognosis and treatment of CML?

BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase activity

Imatinib works by inhibiting:

Chronic phase

CML typically begins in which clinical phase?

3–4 years

If untreated, CML may progress to an accelerated phase in approximately:

Acute leukemia, either AML or ALL

CML may eventually transform into:

20%

CML accounts for approximately what proportion of all leukemia cases, according to the lecture?

Men

CML is slightly more common in:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)

Which laboratory method can detect the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene?

Reverse transcriptase PCR

BCR-ABL1 fusion transcripts may be detected by:

Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP)

Which enzyme activity is typically decreased in CML?

Hypercellularity with increased granulopoiesis

A common bone marrow finding in CML is:

Decreased

In CML, erythropoiesis in the bone marrow is generally:

Small megakaryocytes

Which bone marrow cell finding may occur in CML?

Increased WBC count with a broad range of myeloid cells

Which peripheral blood finding may be present in CML?

Normal or increased

Platelet counts in CML are often: