Motherboards Lesson 004: CPU Architecture

Cache

A small, high speed type of memory in the CPU, that is faster than RAM.

Processor Architecture

Defines what capabilities that processor has.

x86

An Intel Architecture CPU architecture, developed by Intel with an 8-bit, 16-bit, and up to 32-bit instruction set.

How many GB of RAM can x86, or 32-bit processors support?

A maximum of 4 GB of RAM.

x64

An Intel Architecture (IA) CPU architecture, developed by Intel with 64-bit instruction set capabilities.

What two main brands of CPUs are on the market today?

AMD and Intel.

What programs can 32-bit systems run?

Can only run 32-bit programs.

What programs can 64-bit systems run?

Both 64-bit and 32-bit.

Advanced Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) Machine (ARM)

An increasingly popular processor used for low-power devices (tablets and cellphones) that is also making its way into desktops and laptops through Apple.

M Series ARM Processors

Series of processors with an ARM Instruction set made by Apple, meant to extend battery life.

What things does ARM give in functionality that conventional processors don't?

Extended battery life, and less heat production.

Which devices tend to use ARM based processors the most?

Devices that are not Windows based, especially Apple.

What is a key determining factor in a processor's capabilities and compatibility with software and hardware?

CPU architecture.