ICHEM WEEK 8

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DENSITY

C: HEAVY FRACTION OVERLOAD; POOR BLENDING; HIGH ASPHALTENES
E: PURIFIER OVERLOAD; POOR ATOMIZATION; DEPOSIT BUILDUP
CA: BLEND WITH LIGHTER DISTILLATES; OPTIMIZE CENTRIFUGE SETTINGS; ADJUST PURIFIER GRAVITY DISC

VISCOSITY

C: INADEQUATE HEATING; HIGH HEAVY-RESIDUE CONTENT; THERMAL DEGRADATION
E: PUMP CAVITATION; POOR SPRAY PATTERN; INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
CA: INCREASE FUEL TEMPERATURE; REMOVE SLUDGE VIA FILTRATION; BLEND TO LOWER VISCOSITY

WATER CONTENT

C: CONDESATION IN STORAGE; TANK LEAKAGE; EMULSIFICATION
E: CORROSION OF INJECTORS; FILTER PLUGGING; MICROBIAL GROWTH
CA: DRAIN SEPARATORS; CLEAN AND DRY TANKS; ADD DEMELSIFIER; TIGHTEN TANK SEALS

SULFUR

C: INCORRECT FUEL GRADE; LACK OF LOW-SULFUR BLEND
E: ACID CORROSION EXHAUST; EMISSION NONCOMPLIANCE
CA:  SWITCH COMPLIANT BUNKERS; BLEND WITH LOW-SULFUR FUEL; INSTALL SCRUBBER SYSTЕМ

ASH

C: TANK RUST/SCALE; COMBINATION RESIDUES IN BUNKERS
E: FILTER BLOCKAGE; INJECTOR WEAR; NOZZLE STICKING
CA: PUSH AND CLEAN STORAGE TANKS; UPGRADE FILTRATION; SCHEDULE REGULAR SLUDGE REMOVAL

VANADIUM

C: HEAVY CRUDE RESIDUE; POOR REFINING; NO WASHING
E: HOT CORROSION OF TURBINE BLADES; DEPOSIT FORMATION
CA: SOURCE LOWERVANADIUM FUEL; USE ADDITIVES TO FORM PROTECTIVE ASH; INSTALL ON-LINE CLEANING

SODIUM

C: CONTAMINATED BUNKERS; SEA WATER INGRESS; TANK WASH WATER
E: ALKALI CORROSION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER; DEPOSIT SINTERING
CA: IMPROVE TANK WASHING PROCEDURES; REPAIR LEAKAGE; FILTER OUT SALT BEFORE USE

POUR POINT

C: HIGH WAX CONTENT; COLD AMBIENT STORAGE
E: FUEL GELLING; BLOCKED LINES; BURNER STARVATION
CA: INSTALL FUEL HEATERS; ADD POURPOINT DEPRESSANT; BLEND WITH LIGHTER FUEL FRACTIONS

CARBON RESIDUE

C: HIGH HEAVY-END FRACTIONS; POOR BUNKER QUALITY; CONTAMINATION WITH USED LUBE OIL
E: EXCESS DEPOSITS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER; FOULING OF EXHAUST VALVES/TURBOCHARGER; SCAVENGE FIRE RISK
CA: BLEND WITH LOW-CARBON-RESIDUE FUEL; OPTIMIZE PURIFIER; INCREASE SCAVENGE INSPECTIONS; ADJUST COMBUSTION SETTINGS