Patella, Lower Leg, Ankle and Foot - A&P lab

patella bone type

sesamoid

what encapsulates the patella

soft tissue

3 jobs of the patella

• protection

• shock absorption

• leverage

consequence of not having a patella

xthe quadriceps would have to work harder to extend the knee

patellar femoral joint

between patella and femur

• patella’s “track” on femur

classification of patellar femoral joint

diarthrodial, synovial (gliding) joint

injuries in the patellar femoral joint

• osgood schlatter’s disease

• patellar femoral pain syndrome

• jumper’s knee

• patellar tendonitis

• arthritis

• knee replacement cascade

tibia

larger and medial

tibial plateau

medial malleolus

medial condyle of tibia

lateral condyle of tibia

tibial tuberosity

body/shaft of tibia

anterior border of tibia

fibula

smaller and lateral

• non-weight bearing

head of fibula

body/shaft of fibula

lateral malleolus of fibula

tibiofibular joints

• superior anterior tibiofibular joint

• superior posterior tibiofibular joint

• inferior anterior tibiofibular joint

• inferior posterior tibiofibular joint

interosseus membrane

Amphiarthrodial Fibrous Syndesmosis

calcaneus

talus

navicular

cuboid

cuneiform

3 cuneiform bones

• medial

• intermediate

• distal

how to number the metatarsals

• great toe = I

• pinky toe = V

3 portions of the metatarsals

• head

• body/shaft

• base

special aspect of the base of the 5th metatarsal

anatomical design for mobility but prone to injury

two aspects of the great toe

• proximal phalanx

• distal phalanx

3 aspects of digits 2-5

• proximal phalanx

• middle phalanx

• distal phalanx

joints of the ankle, foot, and toes

• the talocrural joint

• the subtalar joint

• tarsal metatarsals joints

• metatarsal phalangeal joints

• interphalangeal joints

talocrural joint (aka tibiotalar)

moves ankle into

• dorsi flexion

• plantar flexion

subtalar joint

moves foot into

• inversion

• eversion

tarsal metatarsal joints

diarthrodial synovial (condyloid)

metatarsal phalangeal joints

diarthrodial synovial (condyloid)

interphalangeal joints

diarthrodial synovial (hinge)

• proximal and distal for 2-5

dorsiflexion

plantar flexion

toe flexion

toe extension

inversion

eversion

tibialis anterior

tibialis anterior action

dorsi flexion

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Extensor Digitorum Longus action

toe extension 2-5

Extensor Hallicus Longus

Extensor Hallicus Longus action

extends the great toe

gastrocnemius (triceps surae)

gastrocnemius origin

2 heads - medial and lateral condyles of femur

gastrocnemius insertion

posterior calcaneus via achilles tendon

gastrocnemius action

plantar flexion

gastrocnemius description

superficial

soleus (triceps surae)

soleus action

plantar flexion

tibialis posterior

tibialis posterior action

foot inversion with plantar flexion

flexor digitorum longus

flexor digitorum longus action

plantar flexes/inverts foot; flexes toes

flexor hallicus

flexor hallicus longus action

flexes the great toe