American west

great plains

Area from Mississippi river to the rocky mountains, controlled by tribes, planned as a giant reservation

winchester

rifle, gun that won the west, reason west won

Reasons west one

slaughter of buffalo, Winchester wife, railroad

sioux

largest native tribe, leader in the Indian wars, nomadic

battle of little big horn

custers last stand, greatest Sioux victory, Sioux vs 7th calvary in montana

sitting bull

medicine man, leader of sioux

crazy horse

field commander of sioux

george custer

leader of 7th Calvary, civil war veteran

7th calvary

led by George Custer, sent to clear Montana territory

ghost dance

A banned Indian dance, native rally cry

wounded knee massacre

triggered by Indian ghost dancing, a Dakota reservation, 200 Sioux dead, soldiers killed in crossfire

americanization

process of adapting to or being influenced by American culture and customs

dawes act

broke up native reservation into private land

pacific railroad act

companies received 20 million acres and federal loans

morrill act

granted 30,000 acres of federal land to fund colleges

homestead act

signed by lincoln, accelerated western expansion by granting 160 acres to adults

oklahoma land rush

settlers race to claim land

New immigrants

south/ eastern Europeans, people coming for a better life

steerage

cheapest, lower class

ellis island

immigrants station located in New York harbor for Europeans

six second physical

government and medical inspection at Ellis island

angel island

immigration station for Asians in San Francisco

melting pot

all Americans different immigrants

nativsm

an overt favoritsm towards natives (Americas first wave of immigrants)

chinese exclusion act

banned immigrantion of Chinese and wouldn’t allow them to become citizens

urbanization

population shift from rural areas to cities

tenements

run down apartment buildings

Edwin L. Drake

first to drill for oil in Pennsylvania

bessemer process

made steel faster and cheaper

brooklyn bridge

symbol of New York, first bridge

promontory, utah

linked east and west coast by railroad

central Pacific / union Pacific

first transcontinental railroad

gilded age

thin layer of gold

entrepreneurs

risk takers who started new businesses

capitalism

privately owned businesses

laissez-faire

to leave alone or let do

corporation

legal business, separate from owners

monopoly

single person with no competition

sherman anti trust

made it illegal to farm trusts that interfered with free trade

social darwinism

stronger survive, weak fail

great migration

200,00 Africans move north and west

andrew carnegie

philantropist, led steel industry

john d rockefeller

philantropist, led oil industry

robber baron

businessman who gains money through unethical ways

mark twain

named the gilded age

political machine

organizations designed to keep a party or person in power

william tweed

involved in the new York county courthouse scandal, a democratic political machine

tammany hall

new york city’s powerful democratic political machine

graft

the illegal use of political influence for personal gain

thomas nast

political cartoonist, helps bring the tweed ring to an end

cowboy

symbol of the west

crazy horse

monument in the black hills