B1.1.2 - Production of macromolecules by condensation reactions that link monomers to form a polymer

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5 Terms

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Metabolism

  • The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell or organism

  • Anabolism builds larger molecules from smaller ones and requires energy

  • Catabolism breaks larger molecules into smaller ones and releases energy


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Condensation Reaction of Two Monosaccharides

  • The bond formed between them is called a glycosidic ‍bond

  • Type of glycosidic bond depends on ‍which carbon atoms are involved and whether the monomers are α-glucose or β-glucose


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Condensation Reactions are Reversible

  • The reverse process, hydrolysis, ‍breaks the bond by adding water back, splitting the polymer into its monomers


<ul><li><p><span style="color: lab(27.1134 -0.956401 -12.3224);">The reverse process, </span><strong>hydrolysis</strong><span style="color: lab(27.1134 -0.956401 -12.3224);">, ‍breaks the bond by adding </span><strong>water</strong><span style="color: lab(27.1134 -0.956401 -12.3224);"> back, splitting the polymer into its monomers</span></p></li></ul><p></p>
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Condensation Synthesis vs Hydrolysis

  • Condensation synthesis = anabolic

  • Hydrolysis = catabolism (H + OH)


<ul><li><p>Condensation synthesis = anabolic </p></li><li><p>Hydrolysis = catabolism (H + OH)</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Hydrolysis

  • a chemical ‌reaction where water breaks down a compound

  • water molecule splits into –H and –OH

  • fragments attach to the ‍exposed ends where the bond was broken, which stops the monomers from ‍reconnecting