Logistics deck

The vestibular system can detect: translational acceleration

in any direction, rotational acceleration in any direction,

head orientation with respect to gravity, or all of the above

all of the above

Both the cochlea and the labyrinth: use otoliths, use hair

cells in mechanotransduction, consist of semicircular canals,

possess a spiral canal, or none

use hair cells in mechanotransduction

The otoconia-containing organs signal tilt and linear

acceleration because their crystals are: denser than

surrounding tissue, less dense than surrounding tissue, or

current flows between otoconia and hair cells

Their crystals are denser than surrounding tissue

A valid statement about vestibular hair cell

mechanotransduction

Transduction is biphasic: movement toward or away from

the kinocilium increases or decreases afferent firing

Which cranial nerve serves both vestibular and auditory hair

cells, and where does the vestibular nerve project?

Cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear). The vestibular nerve

projects to the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem (and to

the cerebellum)

Explain how semicircular canals assess rotational

acceleration while otolith organs detect linear acceleration

and static head position

Canals sit in three perpendicular planes and fluid in the

ampulla moves the cupula during rotation. Utricle and

saccule have otoconia on a gelatinous membrane that

shifts with linear acceleration and gravity

The organ most sensitive to horizontal acceleration of the

head: saccule, utricle, both, horizontal canals, or vertical

canals

Utricle

____ ganglia convey vestibular signals from the periphery to

the CNS

Scarpa's (vestibular) ganglia

What distinguishes the olfactory system from other sensory

systems (transduction, pathways, coding, perception)?

Standard points to check against the Chemical senses

section: receptor neurons turn over, receptors project to

glomeruli, and the pathway reaches olfactory cortex

without a thalamic relay first

The human olfaction-responsive area for multimodal stimuli

(sight and smell of food): pyriform cortex, orbitofrontal

cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, olfactory tubercle

orbitofrontal cortex

____ contains the auditory sensory neuron cell bodies

the spiral ganglion

The knee-jerk reflex is: mediated by Golgi tendon organs, a

monosynaptic arc mediated by Ia afferents, polysynaptic,

mediated by somatosensory collaterals, or volitional

A monosynaptic arc mediated by Ia afferents

Cortical areas that plan and initiate motor sequences: all in

primary motor cortex, five isolated regions, several distinct

but highly interconnected regions, all get direct basal

ganglia input, or all have high thresholds

Several distinct but highly interconnected regions

Contraction of ____ is responsible for movement of your

body

skeletal muscle

One way the auditory and vestibular systems differ is that

the ____

The deck leaves this blank. Compare the two sections of

this guide, for example the cochlea and organ of Corti

versus the labyrinth, and the auditory pathway versus

vestibular reflexes

____ muscle moves our bodies and ____ muscle controls your

organs

skeletal; smooth

Extrafusal muscle fibers are innervated by: Ia afferents,

gamma motor neurons, alpha motor neurons, or Ib afferents

Alpha motor neurons