Cell Structure and Transport Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering cellular organelles, cell division, and transport processes directly from the lecture notes.

Plasma membrane

Outer boundary of cell - allows selective transport

Cytoplasm

All materials between plasma mem. + nucleus mem.

Flagellum

Long, whip like extensions - wave like motions - allows a sperm to move

Ribosome

Synthesize proteins, small + large subunits

Interphase

Period between 2 cell divisions in which somatic cells spend most their life

Active transport

Requires energy, $\text{low} \rightarrow \text{high}$

Passive transport

NO energy, $\text{high} \rightarrow \text{low}$

Lysosomes

Contain digestive enzymes / break down molecules + recycle damaged organelles

Hypertonic

Higher solute conc. than cell (water leaves cell, shrinks)

Hypotonic

Higher water in the solute (water goes into the cell)

Golgi

Stacks on flattened membranous discs (cisternae), modifies + packages

Osmosis

Diffusion of water across a membrane

Cilia

Long (short) slender extensions of plasma mem. Sensors

Diffusion

Moving from a high concentration to a low concentration

Nucleolus

Makes ribosomes

ER

Synthesize proteins, carbs, lipids + storage, detox, transport

Mitosis

Duplication of chromosomes in nucleus + separation into 2 identical sets during somatic cell division

Isotonic

Equal concentrations, stay the same

Endocytosis

Imports extracellular materials packaged into vesicles

Exocytosis

Exports materials packaged in vesicles and fused w/ plasma membrane