Intro to crim

Criminology

Scientific study of crime, criminals, and criminal behavior.

Crime

Act/omission punishable by law.

Criminal

Person who commits a crime.

Deviance

Violates norms but not necessarily illegal.

Criminal Justice System

Police, courts, corrections.

Classical School

Focuses on rational choice; punishment should be swift, certain, and proportionate.

Positivist School

Believes crime is caused by biological, psychological, and social factors.

Sociological Theories

Explains crime as a breakdown of norms and societal structures.

Chicago School

Links crime to urban environments, poverty, and weak institutions.

Critical Criminology

Focuses on power, inequality, and oppression in crime.

Integrated Theories

Combine biological, psychological, and social factors.

Victimology

Study of victims' experiences.

Restorative Justice

Repair harm via dialogue, such as mediation.

Human Rights Perspective

Advocates for fair and humane justice systems.

RA 11131

Regulates criminology practice, licensure exams, ethical standards in the Philippines.

Nature of Criminology

Scientific, dynamic, and applied through empirical research and data analysis.