Learn: El Tovar Hotel – Charles Whittlesey, 1905

Fred Harvey and his sons created a string of hotels where and through what decades

In the southwest 1880s through the 1930s

What was one of the most dramatic constructions sponsored by Harvey's company?

El Tovar hotel

Where is Al Tovar located?

The rim of the Grand Canyon

El Tovar was completed in what year

1905

In the 1830s what was one of the most important art movements?

The Hudson River school of painting

What three landscape artists led the Hudson River school of painting

Thomas Cole

Asher B Durand

Jasper Francis Cropsey

These artist created works loosely connected with that of the literary movement

Transcendentalism

What two things did transcendentalism focus on

Intellectual communion

Appreciation of nature

What is the house perched above the Hudson River named?

The Catskill Mountain house

What place in New York grew it's fame through paintings

Niagara Falls

Niagara Falls famous spread by paintings like

Niagara 1857

Niagara 1857 was created by who

Frederick Edwin Church

Such artwork for lied on_____visual effects

Sublime

Sublime elements

Techniques that invoke the way nature fills viewers with our

What is a common thing sublime elements make the viewer feel about themselves in comparison to nature

Small and insignificant

In churches painting these effects include 3

Sensation of great height

Thundering cascade of sound

General feeling of all and danger a viewer might feel when seeing Niagara Falls

Landscape painting had made what shift by the later part of the 19th century

Away from East Coast to the American West and southwest

What artist accompanied the 1871 geological survey of the Grand Canyon Canyon

Thomas Moran

Thomas Moran created what painting

The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone 1872

the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone helped spread what awareness and to who

Make eastern audiences aware of the beauty in the West

The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone helped eastern audiences, become aware of what three aesthetic elements of the West

Massive scale

Fantastic colors

Unfamiliar geological forms

What enabled travelers to easily experience these wonders themselves

The first transcontinental railroad

When was the first transcontinental railroad built?

1869

What two railway companies expanded to include more mundane traveling amenities

Atchison

Topeka and Santa Fe

What three things did these railway companies improve?

Transportation, lodging, and food

When was Fred Harvey born and where?

London 1835

What did Fred Harvey do as a teenager?

Immigrate to the United States on his own

What was Fred Harvey working as at age 30?

Freight agent for a railway company

Fred Harvey got a job as a freight agent where

Leavenworth, Kansas

At what age was Fred Harvey working as a freight agent for a railway company?

30

Where did Harvey see a business opportunity?

The poor quality of food available at railway stations in the Midwest

Harvey came up with what idea

To serve affordable good quality food in a sitdown dining environment

When did Harvey make an agreement with Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe?

1876

Where did he open his first Harvey house?

Topeka depot

What did the real way companies give him an 1882?

Exclusive license to operate its existing real side, hotels and develop more hotels

These companies licensed him to create a chain of hotels that ran from where to where

Midwest to New Mexico

When did Harvey die?

1901

By the time Harvey died, he opened more than

More than 40 hotels and restaurants

Who took over the company after Harvey died

His sons

Harvey's sons continued through expansion up and through what global event

World War II

The Harvey company is considered the first

First hospitality chain in America

How did the Harvey company market to travel to the southwest?

By building toys attractions directly alongside the main rail

What are six historical references architects designed these hotels with?

Moorish

Spanish

Colonial

Baroque

Pueblo

Navajo

And here your decoration scheme was overseen by who

Mary E colter

Harvey's hotels present a vision of the southwest as_____ and_____

Exotic and rustic

Colter was responsible for what in the hotels

Interior design

What did Colter do in 1902

Accessorized public areas with Native American handcrafts

Harvey's Indian detours were what

Package tours nearby towns where tourists could buy directly from artisans

When did Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe build the Grand Canyon spur line

1901

When did Atchison and Topeka and Santa Fe commission El Tovar?

1902

What was the budget for El Tovar?

$250,000

Who is the architect who designed El Tovar?

Charles Whittlesey

Where is Whittlesey originally from?

Chicago

Who had Whittlesey worked for in the 1890s?

Famous architect Lewis Sullivan

Who did Louis Sullivan employ at the very same time as he did, Whittlesey

Frank Lloyd Wright

We'll see showed awareness in his architecture of how buildings harmonize with what

The landscape around it

How long did the hotel take to complete building?

Three years

How many guest rooms did it have?

Nearly 100

What three things did it state of the art amenities include

Hot and cold running water

Electric lighting

Western Union telegraph office

What is the exterior of the hotel made of? 2

Pine wood and native boulders

What word can describe the look of the exterior of the hotel?

Rustic

The rustic exterior of the hotel combined elements of what two things

Swiss chalet or Alpine Lodge

And

Promotional materials called

Norway Villa

The Norway Villa elements are probably a reference to the extensive use of what

Would log siding to resemble cabins

The interior contained furniture in what style

Oats and craft style

What are two design elements that can be seen inside the hotel?

Exposed ceiling, beams and rugged wood paneling

What are two decorative accents inside the hotel?

Navajo curios

Taxidermy local game

What is Al Tovar's entire purpose for existing?

Being in proximity to the Grand Canyon

What did a promotional brochure of Al Tovar from 1909 state

No one can describe the Grand Canyon. You must see it.

What year had the canyon been declared national Monument?

1908

What president declared the Grand Canyon in national Monument

Theodore Roosevelt

How many miles long is the Grand Canyon

270 miles long

Who named the Grand Canyon

John Wesley Powell

Occupation of John, Wesley Powell

Survey party leader

What decade did he name the Grand Canyon?

1870s

Before the Grand Canyon earlier generations praised the qualities of what other natural spectacle

Niagara Falls

The Grand Canyon's qualities gave a new meaning to the term_____

Sublime

What quality of the Grand Canyon's created a new meaning to the term sublime

It's sheer massive or size

What year did Congress officially create the Grand Canyon national Park?

1919

What happened to the Grand Canyon in 1979?

It was declared a UNESCO world heritage site

What does the Grand Canyon and Mount Fuji have in common?

They were declared UNESCO world heritage sites

What was Al Tovar designated as in 1987?

National historic landmark

What is one of the few Harvey hotels still in operation?

El Tovar

How many people visit the Grand Canyon national Park each year?

4.5 million

When was the Grand Canyon declared a UNESCO world Heritage site

1979

Where is the Grand Canyon located?

Arizona

Who is accredited with the selected work El Tovar Hotel

Charles Whittlesey

What part of the Grand Canyon is Al Tovar hotel located

Southern rim of the Grand Canyon

What year is the compositional Work El Tovar hotel

1905