Personal Development Term 1 Reviewer Flashcards

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards generated directly from Personal Development Term 1 handouts.

Holistic Development

Developing all areas of a person—physically, psychologically, mentally, morally, and spiritually.

Wholeness

Having all aspects of yourself (mental, emotional, physical, social, spiritual) balanced and working together.

Puberty

A period of rapid physical growth with biological and body changes.

Androgens

Male sex hormones (like testosterone).

Estrogens

Female sex hormones.

Adrenarche

The early stage where adrenal glands release hormones like DHEA.

Gonadarche

The maturation of primary sexual organs (ovaries/testes) and secondary sexual traits (pubic hair, breast growth).

Schema

A mental concept or framework used to organize and understand information.

Assimilation

Adding new information into an existing schema without changing it.

Accommodation

Changing or adjusting an existing schema because of new information.

Equilibration

Moving from mental confusion/conflict back to a balanced state of thinking.

Self-Esteem

Your overall feeling about yourself.

Self-Concept

How you evaluate specific areas like school or sports.

Adolescence

A transition stage from childhood to adulthood involving physical, mental, and social changes.

Havighurst's Developmental Tasks

Eleven specific tasks adolescents must adjust to, such as accepting their changing body, building healthy relationships with peers, gaining independence from parents, choosing career goals, and preparing for adult life.

Biopsychosocial Approach

An approach showing that adolescent struggles come from the interaction of biological (genetics, brain), psychological (distorted thoughts, emotional turmoil), and social (poverty, family/peer influences) factors.

Substance Abuse

Daily preoccupation with or harmful reliance on alcohol, tobacco, or illegal drugs.

Juvenile Delinquency

A wide range of forbidden or unlawful behaviors committed by young people.

Stress

A state of mental or emotional strain from demanding situations.

Stressors

Events or situations that cause pressure and tax a person's ability to cope.

Task Chunking

Breaking a large task into smaller, easier steps.

Decreasing Negative Self-Talk

Replacing harsh, negative thoughts with neutral or positive ones.

Mental Health (WHO Definition)

A state of well-being where a person realizes their potential, copes with normal life stresses, works productively, and contributes to the community.

Mental Health Red Flags

Warning signs of emotional distress, such as trouble sleeping or sleeping too much, dropping hobbies, sudden drops in grades, losing self-esteem, major weight changes, or sudden personality shifts.

Emotional Intelligence (EQ)

The ability to recognize, understand, and manage your emotions effectively.

Subjective Well-Being

How happy a person feels internally about their life, where personal outlook matters more than wealth or health.

Cliques

Small peer groups of 5 to 10 friends who hang out and share secrets.

Crowds

Larger groups of teens categorized by common activities or reputations (like 'jocks' or 'brains').

Initiation Phase

The first romantic phase involving attraction to physical traits.

Affiliation Phase

The second romantic phase involving hanging out in mixed-sex groups.

Intimate Phase

The third romantic phase where paired couples focus on emotional closeness.

Committed Phase

The fourth romantic phase characterized by long-lasting, exclusive partnerships.

Attraction

Physical or sexual interest (one of the 3 Qualities of Love).

Closeness

Emotional bond built by sharing thoughts in trust (one of the 3 Qualities of Love).

Commitment

Decision to stay together through good and bad times (one of the 3 Qualities of Love).

Identity vs. Role Confusion (Erikson)

The adolescent stage focused on deciding who you are, what you stand for, and where you are going in life.

Psychosocial Moratorium

The gap between childhood security and adult autonomy where teens try out different roles to find themselves.

Role Confusion

What happens when teens fail to form an identity, leading to isolation or losing themselves in peer crowds.

The 10 Pieces of Identity

1) Vocational/Career, 2) Political, 3) Spiritual/Religious, 4) Achievement/Intellectual, 5) Sexual, 6) Physical, 7) Interest, 8) Cultural/Ethnic, 9) Personality, and 10) Relationship identity.

Identity Diffusion

No exploration, no commitment; drifting (one of Marcia's 4 Identity Statuses).

Identity Foreclosure

Commitment made without exploring options (one of Marcia's 4 Identity Statuses).

Identity Moratorium

Actively exploring options, no commitment yet (one of Marcia's 4 Identity Statuses).

Identity Achievement

Explored choices and made a firm commitment (one of Marcia's 4 Identity Statuses).

Looking-Glass Self (Cooley)

A concept stating that people build their self-image based on how they believe others view and judge them.

Transactional Analysis (PAC Framework)

Internal voices made up of Parent (authoritative rules), Adult (logical reasoning voice), and Child (impulsive feelings).

Social Norms

Unwritten rules for behavior.

Conformity

Matching your behavior to fit group rules.

Social Graces

Proper etiquette and polite behaviors that maintain peace and harmony in society.

Nuclear Family

A family structure consisting of parents and kids.

Single-Parent Family

A family structure where one parent raises kids.

Step/Blended Family

A family structure where parents remarry bringing kids from prior relationships.

Extended Family

A family structure that includes grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.

Authoritarian Parenting Style

Strict control and force without reasoning.

Authoritative Parenting Style

Firm rules balanced with reasoning and warmth.

Permissive Parenting Style

Few rules, low expectations.

Rejecting/Neglecting Parenting Style

Uninvolved, unsupportive, no supervision.

Genogram

A family tree diagram using geometric symbols (Square = Male, Circle = Female, Triangle = Pregnancy, X = Deceased) to map family relationships and health history.

5 L's of Strong Families

Learning, Loyalty, Love, Laughter, and Leadership.

Aptitude

What you are naturally good at.

Interest

What you enjoy doing.

Holland's RIASEC Types

1) Realistic (Doers), 2) Investigative (Thinkers), 3) Social (Helpers), 4) Conventional (Organizers), 5) Enterprising (Persuaders), 6) Artistic (Creators).

SMART Goals

Goals that are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-Bound.

Transferable Skills

Versatile skills like communication, leadership, and organization that you can use in any job.

Trust vs. Mistrust

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (Birth - 18 mos): Learning to rely on caregivers for basic needs.

Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (18 mos - 3 yrs): Learning independence and bodily control.

Initiative vs. Guilt

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (3 - 5 yrs): Trying new activities and taking initiative in play.

Industry vs. Inferiority

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (6 - 12 yrs): Learning school skills and feeling competent.

Intimacy vs. Isolation

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (18 - 40 yrs): Forming close, committed adult relationships.

Generativity vs. Stagnation

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (40 - 65 yrs): Helping the next generation and making a difference.

Integrity vs. Despair

Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stage (65+ yrs): Looking back on life with satisfaction or regret.

Oral Stage

Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stage (Birth - 1 yr): Pleasure centers on the mouth (sucking, biting).

Anal Stage

Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stage (1 - 3 yrs): Pleasure involves bowel and bladder control (toilet training).

Phallic Stage

Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stage (3 - 6 yrs): Focus on genital awareness and identifying with parents.

Latency Stage

Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stage (6 yrs - Puberty): Sexual urges stay quiet; focus is on school and hobbies.

Genital Stage

Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stage (Puberty onwards): Maturation of sexual interests and adult relationships.