conditions of GIT + body wall

Choke - def

Feed impacted in oesophagus → blockage

Choke - Common location

Prox cervical

Dist cervical / thoracic inlet

Choke - CS

Sudden onset

Cough

Ptyalism

Dysphagia

Neck movement

Choke - Tx

Spontaneously resolve, add water back, slowly introduce feed

Remove feed + water, monitor for 30mins

Hx, CE

Endoscope

Sx

Choke - CE considerations

Alpha2 ag/ Butorphanol / Butylscopolamine sed

Palp L cervical neck

Choke - Purpsoe of nasogastric tube

Confirm dx

Lavage oesophagus until can access stomach

Choke - Aftercare consideration

AB if asp pneu (pen gent)

Slowly reintroduce feed over 1-2d

Rule out underlying cause

Endoscope if repeats

Monitor CS

Oesophageal tears - dx

Swelling + crepitus in L cervical region

CV deterioration

Endoscope

X-ray - gas stripes

Carb overload - issues

Fermentation → Endotoxins → SIRS

Colic

Abd distension

Laminitis

D

Carb overload - Info tog et

Timing

What feed

How much feed

Any other horses

Additives in feed

Carb overload - CE check for

Vital signs

Digital pulses

Colic / abd dist

Reflux

Carb overload - Tx

Gastric lavage (within 1-2hrs)

Charcoal

Flunixin

Feet cryotherapy

Refer

Groups of causes of dysphagia

Pain

Neurogenic

Obstructive

Dysphagia - dx

Hx

Observe eating

CE

Neuro exam

Intra oral exam

Rx

Endoscope

Haem, biochem

Head CT

Dysphagia - When to not do oral exam

Rabies risk

Dysphagia - Tx (depends on causes)

Refer

NSAID

Slurry feed

Nasogastric tube

IVFT

Lip lacerations - tx

Suture with LA blocks + sed

Tongue injuries - tx

Sed + examine

Conservative (partial thickness) / suture (full thickness)

Mand fracture tx

Sed + examine

Nerve block + intra oral wiring of lavaged gap

Don’t remove teeth

Rectal prolapse - causes

D, colic, parasites, proctitis, rectal mass, repeated straining, Dystocia, retained foetal membranes

Rectal prolapse - Grades + tx

1-3 = reduce tissue + purse sting suture

4= sx

effects of abd trauma

Rupture viscus

Body wall tear

Diaphragmatic tear

H

Peritonitis

Abd trauma - considerations with centesis

Change happens over time

Haemoabdomen - cause

Splenic rupture

Uterine tear

Parturition → middle uterine a rupture

Haemoabdomen - Dx

US

Centesis last resort

Haemoabdomen - Initial tx

NSAID

AB (pen, gent)

Incisional hernia - cause

Colic sx complication

Incisional hernia - Tx

Box rest

Hernia belt

Sx 4-6mon after first one

How to check if hernia strnagulating tissue

Tissue can be pushed back into body without resistance

Thoracic wall injuries - consequences

Pneumothorax

Resp distress

Intra thoracic H

Pleuropneumonia

Thoracic wall injuries - Immediate tx

Close gap - Wrap in cling film / suture