MarB 121 ICMRM Module 1.2

Explain the underlying cause of poverty

Explain the concept of cumulative causation

What are the causes of environmental problems in Coastal areas

• Institution failures,such as the lack of appropriate management measures, & open access & overexploitation of resources

• Poverty which leads to environmental degradation due to too much dependence /limited livelihood options

• Increasing population exerts pressure on resources , initiates rapid urbanization which results to unequal development

What are the threats to coral reefs : land based sources

Coastal Vulnerability

spatial concept that identifies people and places that are susceptible to disturbances resulting from coastal hazards.

Explain the concept of Coastal Vulnerability

Differentiate coastal sensibility and coastal vulnerability

Coastal sensitivity

Coastal sensitivity is the degree to which the coast is physically

affected, either adversely or beneficially, by factors such as climate

change

What aspects of coral reefs,seagrass meadows,and mangroves makes them more or less sensitive to human impacts?

the interconnectedness of these ecosystems makes it more or less sensitive to human impacts as each play a significant role in buffering impacts of Humana activities such as mangrove absorbing sediments and run off protecting seagrass meadows and seagrass sediment anchorage helps buffer terrestrial sediments from getting into coral reefs,while reefs help in dampening current and wave buffering which helps seagrass and mangroves mitigate strong currents.