Gender life chances

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Sex

Refers to biological characteristics used to determine if someone is a man or a woman.

Gender

Refers to the roles males and females play in wider society.

Male gender roles

Characteristics like being brave, strong, and leaders, which lead to dominant positions in society.

Female gender roles

Characteristics like being quiet, caring, and obedient, which lead to less dominant positions in society.

Shapers of gender roles

Parents' expectations, the toys children play with, and the media.

Gender gap in GCSE grades

Girls outperform boys, with over 6% more girls achieving the highest GCSE grades.

Gender gap at A Level

More girls achieve A-C grades at A Level compared to boys.

Gender gap at University

More women attend university, do better at degree level, and 5% more women gained a higher class degree between 2015-2019.

Female-dominated degree subjects

Nursing, education, psychology, and social work.

Male-dominated degree subjects

Computer science, economics, and engineering.

The Equal Pay Act 1970

A law that made it illegal to discriminate against women in the workplace.

The 2019 Gender Pay Gap statistic

Over 17% (meaning women earned 17% less than men on average).

Workplace Sexism (Pay Gap Cause)

Professions done mostly by women (like nursing) are lower paid.

Inequality in the home (Pay Gap Cause)

Women do more housework and childcare, making them less able to take promotions or high-paid jobs.