Studied by 5 people
Whose authority did the Protestant Reformation challenge?
The Pope
What concern did German and English nobility have about the Church?
Italian domination
How did Luther make the Bible more accessible?
Translated the Bible into German
Who was John Calvin?
A Protestant Theologian
What would Calvin have seen as an example of righteous living?
A Strong work Ethic
Why did Henry break with the Catholic Church?
The Pope didn’t grant him to divorce
What was the result of the English victory over the Spanish Armada in 1588?
English colonial expansion
What ruling family of the Holy Roman Empire remained loyal to the Pope during the Protestant Refirmation?
The Hapsburg family
What was the 30 year war?
Protestant vs Catholics
France early example of religious toleration
Edict of Nantes
Main goal of The Society of Jesus or Jesuits?
Spread Catholicism in the New world
Where did the Renaissance spread from Italy?
Northern Europe
Human philosopher of the Renaissance
Erasmus
What spread the literacy and the ideas of the Reformation?
Gutenberg Printing Press
Example of close relationship between the Catholic Church and monarchs of Europe
Pope granting land discovered by Columbus to Spain
Example of Europe interest in transoceanic trade & travel
Discovery of new land
What did Italian City-states develop to facilitate trade?
Credit
What did the intro of cash crops lead to?
Reliance on coerced labor
What did labor union promote?
Worker’s right & improved social conditions
What were influences on Mary Wollstonecraft views?
Reason, Enlightenment, French Revolution
What movement did Mary Wollstonecraft promote?
Feminism
What did the Dominican friars criticize?
Equal access to education for women
What did the Dominicans friars criticize?
Treatment of indigenous people
What are examples of coerced labor?
Slavery, mit’a, encomienda system
What did Friedrich Engels believe in?
Working class loved in poverty
What caused poverty for the working class according to Friedrich Engels?
Global capitalism
What ideology did Engel ideas and observations support?
Marxism
Who is Simon Bolivar address in his speech to the Council of Angostura?
Mestizo & Molattoes
What did Bolivar lead?
Independent countries in Latin America (eg. Bolivia)
What civilization would most likely have influenced the Mississippian peoples?
Aztecs/Mexica
The idea that working class supports all other classes relates to what ideology?
Marxism
Laws regulating membership in skilled trades support the aim of which social class?
Working class
System on relationship between members or military elite from exchange of land for military service and loyalty
Feudalism
Feudal states rose in Both Europe and Asia as a result of what?
Fragmentation
Haiti’s independence differed from other Latin American movements in what ways?
Began as a slave revolt
Western European monarchs employed which methods to win “absolute” control of their state?
Professional army, new taxes, trained bureaucrats
Impact of the Industrial Revolution on working class European women?
Work worked less from household
What were causes of the French Revolution
Philosophers like Locke, American Revolution, Monarch extravagance
What did Otto von Bismarck and Giuseppe Garibaldi both want?
Unify their Nations
Which Enlightment thinker wanted the separation of powers in a government?
Montesquieu
