AP Gov Constitution and Preamble Study

Test is on Monday

Article I

about the Legislature (both parts of Congress)

Article II

about the Executive Branch

Article III

about the Judiciary

Article IV

about Relations among states

Article V

about Amending the Constitution

Article VI

about Supremacy of National Government

Article VII

about Ratification

What is a power that the executive branch has over the legislative branch?

The president can convene both houses (or veto).

The power that the executive branch has over the legislative branch (The president can convene both houses (or has the power to veto.) can be found in what article/section of the Constitution?

Article 2, Section 3

What is a power that the executive branch holds over the judicial branch?

The president can appoint judges of the Supreme Court.

The power that the executive branch holds over the judicial branch can be found in what article/section of the constitution?

Article 2, Section 2

What is a power that the legislative branch holds over the executive branch?

The Senate can choose a temporary president in the Absence of the Vice President.

The power that the legislative branch holds over the executive branch can be found in what article/section of the Constitution?

Article 1, Section 3

What is a power that the legislative branch holds over the judicial branch?

The Senate must reject or confirm all federal judges and Supreme Court justices that are nominated by the president.

The power listed that the legislative branch holds over the judicial branch is found in what article/section of the Constitution?

Article 2, Section 2

What is a power that the judicial branch holds over the executive branch?

Judges are appointed for life.

The power listed that the judicial branch holds over the executive branch is found in what article/section of the Constitution?

Article 3, Section 2

What is a power that the judicial branch holds over the legislative branch?

judicial review

The power listed that the judicial branch holds over the legislative branch is found in what article/section of the Constitution?

Article 3, Section 2

According to Article I of the Constitution, who has the power to declare war?

Congress

What power does the Constitution give the President in the area of war?

Commander in Chief ( and the power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the U.S., except in Cases of Impeachment)

Where is the “Commerce Clause?” (article, section, and clause)

Article 1, section 8, clause 3

What does the Commerce Clause say?

Congress has the power to regulate trade with foreign nations, states, and Indian tribes.

Where is the “Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)?” (article, section, and clause)

Article 1, section 8, clause 18

What does the Elastic Clause say?

gives Congress the flexibility to pass any laws needed to carry out its specific, listed powers

Where is the “Supremacy Clause?” (article)

Article VI

What does the Supremacy Clause say?

The U.S. Constitution and federal laws are the supreme law of the land.

Where is the habeas corpus clause? (Article, section, and clause)

Article 1, section 9, clause 2

What does the habeas corpus clause say?

guarantees the right to challenge unlawful imprisonment in court unless a rebellion/invasion occurs

What is habeas corpus?

a legal right that protects individual people from being unlawfully jailed by the government

Where is the full faith and credit clause? (article and section)

Article IV, section 1

What does the full faith and credit clause say?

requires states to respect the laws, records, and court ruling of other states

There are two “due process” clauses. Where are they? (amendments)

5th and 14th amendment

What does “due process” of law imply?

It implies that governments must use fair legal procedures before taking someone’s life, liberty, or property

What are two ways that amendments to the Constitution can be proposed?

2/3 of national Congress and 2/3 of national conventions

What are two ways that amendments to the Constitution can be ratified?

¾ of state conventions and ¾ of state legislatures

What is the general purpose of Amendment 1?

guarantees the right to religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, to peacefully assemble, and to petition the Government for a solution of grievances

What is the general purpose of Amendment 2?

guarantees the right to a well regulated militia, for security, and the right of people to keep and bear Arms

What is the general purpose of Amendment 3?

People can’t be forced to quarter soldiers without their consent in times of peace.

What is the general purpose of Amendment 4?

Unreasonable searches and seizures are unlawful against people, in their houses, or in papers unless there is a probable cause, Oath or affirmation, or a warrant.

What is the general purpose of Amendment 5?

protects the rights of those accused and ensures fair treatment by the government during legal processes (rights in criminal cases, murder, rape, tax evasion, robbery, damages (civil case), etc.) (due process and eminent domain)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 6?

ensures the accused have the right to a speedy, public trial and to be informed of the accusation against him (right to attorney)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 7?

preserves the right of trial by jury (in civil cases); re-examined in Court if there is no fact tried by a jury

What is the general purpose of Amendment 8?

prevents excessive bail, excessive fines imposed, and cruel or unusual punishment inflicted

What is the general purpose of Amendment 9?

prevents full control of the government on citizens based on a certain right that was no written in the Constitution

What is the general purpose of Amendment 10?

protects the authority of the States (reserved/state powers) and the people by protecting the idea of federalism, which is done by limiting federal government’s power

What is the general purpose of Amendment 11?

protects state’s sovereign immunity by preventing federal courts from hearing most lawsuits given to them that are against state governments by individuals

What is the general purpose of Amendment 12?

prevents government chaos and political gridlock by altering the Electoral College so that candidates run together under certain political parties/groups (separate ballots)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 13?

abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime; enforced by Congress by appropriate legislation (Equal Protection Clause, due process, and Reconstruction Acts)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 14?

guarantees citizenship and equal civil rights to people who are born or naturalized in the U.S.; prevents states governments from creating any unfair laws (Equal protection Clause, due process, and Reconstruction Acts)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 15?

protects the right to vote for U.S. citizens from the U.S. or any state based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude (enforced by Congress by appropriate legislation) (Equal Protection Clause, due process, and Reconstruction Acts)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 16?

gave Congress the power to place and collect taxes on incomes from whatever source, only depending on a person’s income (not population)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 17?

allows citizens to vote directly for and elect their U.S. Senators, taking away power from state legislatures

What is the general purpose of Amendment 18?

Ban the sale, manufacture, or transportation of alcohol going into or from the U.S. (prohibition)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 19?

gave women the right to vote and protected the right to vote regardless of sex (Congress enforces by appropriate legislation) (Equal Right Amendment)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 20?

shortens the transition period between elections in November and when newly elected officials take office (Changes Congressional term'/inaugurated new president) (“Lame Duck” amendment)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 21?

repealed 18th amendment; allowed for the regulation of alcohol in individual state governments

What is the general purpose of Amendment 22?

establishes a two-term limit for the president of the U.S. and a ten year limit in office for the ice President if he inherits the presidency mid-term

What is the general purpose of Amendment 23?

provides Washington D.C. residents with the right to vote in elections by giving the district electors in the electoral college (3 votes for D.C.)

What is the general purpose for Amendment 24?

ensures a citizen’s right to vote can’t be taken away because they can’t pay a tax; bans poll taxes

What is the general purpose of Amendment 25?

ensures a country has a functioning leader all of the time by setting rules for when the President dies, resigns, or becomes too ill to lead

What is the general purpose of Amendment 26?

establishes the voting age as 18 years and older and ensures that this rights is protected (Congress enforces by appropriate legislation)

What is the general purpose of Amendment 27?

prevents Congress members from giving themselves immediate pay raises, which is done by delaying changes to congressional salaries after the next election