Lab 6 - appendicular skeleton

A. Clavical

B. Acromio-clavicular joint

C. Scapula

1. Sternal End

2. Acromial end

3. Conoid tubercle

The clavicle

(anterior)

convex forward & concave lateral

a) acromial end: articulates with scapula

b) sternal end: attaches to sternum

c) conoid tubercle: ligament attachment site

1. Coxal bone

2. Ilium

3. pubis

4. Ischium

5. Sacrum

What side and what view

Right side superior view

1. Acromial End

2. Facet for articulation with acromion

3. Sternal end

scapula (posterior)

acromion superior and lateral

• spine extends into acromion

• acromion connects with clavical

• glenoid cavity is a socket for humerus

What side and view?

Right, anterior of scapula on left

Right, posterior view on right

1. Acromion

2. Coracoid Process

3. Glenoid cavity in the lateral angle

4. Lateral border

5. medial border

6. Infraspinous process

7. Spine

8. Supraspinous fossa

9. Superior angle

10. Superior border

11. Suprascapular notch

12. Suprascapular notch

13. Coracoid process

14. Acromion

15. Lateral Border

16. Inferior angle

What side and what view

Right scapula, lateral aspect

1. Acromion

2. Supraspinous fossa

3. Coracoid process

4. Glenoid cavity

What doe the head of humerus do

fits into the glenoid cavity of scapula

What doe the capitulum of humerus do

articulates with the radium

What doe the trochlea of humerus do

articulates with trochlear notch of ulna

What does the radial fossa of humerus do

for head of radius during flexion

What doe the deltoid tuberosity of humerus do

attachment site for deltoid muscle

Which view is each?

Anterior view on the left, posterior view on the right

1. Greater tubercle

2. Lesser Tubercle

3. Deltoid tuberosity

4. Radial fossa

5. Capitulum

6. Trochlea

7. Lateral Epiocondyle

8. Deltoid tuberosity

9. Greater tubercle

10. Head of humerous

11. radial groove

12. Olecranon fossa

13. Coronoid fossa

14. Medial Epicondyle

What view

Posterior view of extended elbow

1. Humerus

2. Olecranon

3. Medial epicondyle

4. Ulna

5. Olecranon fossa

6. Lateral epicondyle

7. Head

8. Neck

9. Radius

What is the view

Anterior View of the elbow

1. Humerus

2. Capitulum

3. Head of radius

4. radial tberosity

5. Radius

6. Ulna

7. Radial notch

8. coronoid process of ulna

9. trochlea

10. medial epicondyle

11. coronoid fossa

Ulna and Radius

Ulna is the radial bone, radius is the lateral bone

View?

Posterior view of the right radius and ulna

1. Olecranon

2. Ulna

3. Ulnar notch of the radius

4. Head of ulna

5. ulnar soloed process

6. radial styled process

7. radius

8. Neck of radius

9. head of radius

View?

Anterior view of the right radius and ulna

1. Radial notch of the ulna

2. head

3. neck

4. radial tuberosity

5. radius

6. radial styloid process

7. distal radioulnar joint

8. ulnar styloid process

9. head of ulna

10. ulnar notch of radius

11. ulna

12. proximal radioulnar joint

13. coronoid process

14. trochlear notch

15. olecranon

View?

Proximal portion of the ulna, lateral view

1. olecranon

2. trochlear notch

3. coronoid process

4. radial notch

View?

Distal end of radius and ulna

1. Ulnar notch of radius

2. Radial styloid process

3. Head of ulna

4. Ulnar styloid process

1. Head of radius

2. Neck of radius

3. Radial tuberosity

4. Ulnar notch of radius

5. Radial styloid process

6. ulnar styloid process

7. head of ulna

8. Radial notch of ulna

9. coronoid process

10. trochlear notch

11. olecranon

3 Groups of bones in the hands

1. Carpus (wrist): 8 bones - 2 rows of 4

2. Metacarpals (palm): 5 bones (from the thumb outward)

3. Phalanges (distal, middle, proximal: 14 bones total

1. Distal Phalange

2. Middle phalange

3. Proximal Phalange

4. Sesamoid bones

5. Trapezium

6. Trapezoid

7. Scaphoid

8. Radius

9. Ulna

10. Lunate

11. Triquetrum

12. pisiform

13. capitate

14. hamate

a. I

b. II

c. III

d. IV

e. V

1. Lunate

2. Scaphoid

3. Trapezium

4. Trapezoid

5. capitate

6. triquetrum

7. pisiform

8. hamate

9. metacarpal

10. proximal phalanx

11. middle phalanx

12. distal phalanx

Coxal bone

formed by fusion of 3 bones

3 bones of the coxal

ilium, ischium, pubis

ilium

connects to sacrum at sacroiliac joint.

• iliac crest: hip/superior margin

ischium

ischial tuberosity bears weight of body when sitting. Ischial spine used to determine sex.

pubis

pubic bone

Top is base of sacrum

1. Coxal Bone

2. Ilium

3. pubis

4. Ischium

5. Sacrum

acetabulum

socket for the femur head

obturator foramen

blood vessels and nerves travel thru to thigh

greater sciatic notch

allows sciatic nerve and blood vessels to pass through to the thigh

ischial spine

landmark of the pelvic cavity

ischial tuberosity

bears body weight when sitting

1. Greater sciatic notch

2. Ischial spine

3. Ischium

4. Ischial tuberosity

5. Obturator

6. Pubis

7. Pubic Body

8. Acetabulum

9. Iliac Crest

10. Ilium

11. Greater sciatic notch

12. ischial spine

13. obturator foramen

14. Ischium

15. Pubic Tubercle

a. Ala

b. iliac fossa

c. body of ilium

1. Iliac crest

2. coccyx

3. ischial tuberosity

4. ischial spine

5. Greater sciatic notch

6. sacrum

1. Iliac crest

2. ilium

3. pubis

4. pubic symphysis

5. ischium

6. obturator foramen

7. pubic tubercle

8. acetabulum

9. sacro-iliac joint

10. lumbar disc

11. L₅

12. Sacrum

Female vs Male Pelvis

Female: wider, more round, larger(wider angled pubic crest), larger pubic brim

Male: Narrower, more oval, sharp oval crest

femur head

proximal, fits in acetabulum of coxal bone

fovea capitis

central pit on head for ligament attachment to acetabulum of coxal bone

greater and lesser trochanter

muscle attachment

medial and lateral condyle

articulates with tibia

linea aspera

on posterior shaft of femur for muscle attachment

1. Neck

2. Greater Trochanter

3. Head

4. Nothing

5. Lesser trochanter

6. shaft

7. Patellar Surface

8. Lateral epicondyle

9. Lateral condyle

10. Medial epicondyle

11. Medial condyle

12. Medial epicondyle

13. Medial condyle

14. Lateral Condyle

15. Lateral epicondyle

16. intercondylar fossa

17. Linea aspera

18. Gluteal tuberosity

19. greater trochanter

20. neck

21. Fovea capitis

22. head

23. lesser trochanter

What’s anterior vs posterior

Top is anterior, bottom is posterior

1. Apex

2. Facet for lateral condyle femur

3. Facet for medial condyle of femur

4. Surface for patellar ligament

Tibia

larger and more medial

medial malleolus

medial bulge of ankle

Fibula

long, slender bone located lateral to the tibia.

Superior and inferior tibiofibular joints

articulation area between the tibia and fibula

What view

anterior

1. intercondylar

2. lateral condyle

3. head

4. superior tibiofibular joint

5. Anterior crest of fibula

6. fibula

7. inferior tibiofibular joint

8. Lateral malleolus

9. Medial malleolus

10. Tibia

11. Anterior border

12. Tibial tuberosity

13. Medial Condyle

What view?

Posterior

1. Articular surface of medial condyle

2. Medial Condyle

3. Tibia

4. medial malleolus

5. inferior articular surface

6. lateral malleolus

7. fibula

8. head of fibula

9. articular surface of lateral condyle

The foot

Tarsals: 7 bones

metatarsals: 5 bones

phalanges: 14 bones

proximal row of foot

Calcaneus, talus, navicular

Distal row of foot

medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform, cuboid

1. Calcaneus

2. Cuboid

3. Lateral Cuneiform

4. Proximal phalanx

5. Middle Phalanx

6. Distal Phalanx

7. metatarsal

8. medial cuneiform

9. intermediate cuneiform

10. navicular

11. trochlea of the talus

12. talus