Program Planning Final (HSC 301)

Define health:

state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity

Define wellness:

active process through which people become aware of and make choices toward a more successful existence

What influences health?

social determinants of health, broader forces and systems that shape everyday life conditions

List the social determinants of health:

1: Education access and quality

2: Health care and quality

3: Neighborhood and built environment

4: Social community context

5: Economic stability

Define health education:

any combination of planned learning experiences in which theory and evidence-based information practices are used too

What is the purpose of health education?

1: Provide equitable opportunities for the acquisition of knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adapt, adopt, and maintain health behaviors

2: Any planned combination of learning experiences designed to predispose, enable, and reinforce voluntary behavior conducive to health in individuals, groups, and communities

Define the PRECEDE phase of the precede-proceed model:

predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling constructs in educational/environmental diagnosis and evaluation

Define the PROCEDE phase of the precede-proceed model:

policy, regulatory, and organizational constructs in educational and environmental development

What are predisposing factors?

antecedents to behaviors that provide rationale or motivation for behavior

What are reinforcing factors?

factors following a behavior that provide continuing reward or incentive for the persistence of a behavior

What are enabling factors?

antecedents to behavioral or environmental change that allow a motivation or environmental policy to be realized

Define health promotion:

any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational approaches that support actions and conditions of living and are conducive to the health of individuals, groups, or communities

What does health promotion say about human behavior?

it takes into account that human behaviors is not governed by only personal factors, but also the structure of their environment

What are primary levels of prevention?

actions and interventions that are designed for individuals/populations to identify and reduce risks/susceptibility PRIOR to disease onset

Give an example of primary prevention:

immunizations

What are secondary levels of prevention?

detects disease in EARLY STAGES to prevent progression or recurrence

Give an example of secondary prevention:

programs to prevent reinjury

What are tertiary levels of prevention?

alleviates the effects of the disease and injury

Give an example of tertiary prevention:

cardiac rehabilitation programs after a heart attack

Define priority population:

a group or subset of people who are the focus of an assessment or intervention due to their identified common characteristics

Identify the 3 aspects of program planning:

1: helps make a program transparent and keeps stakeholders informed

2: planning is empowering

3: creates alignment

Outline the generalized model for program planning:

assessing needs → set goals and objectives → develop an intervention → implement the intervention → evaluate the results

Define partnering:

association of 2 or more entities working together on a project of common interest

What 3 factors should planners consider?

1: who is interested in meeting the needs of the priority population

2: who else sees the unmet needs as a problem/issue

3: who has unused resources that could help solve a problem

Guidelines for creating a planning committee:

Define pre-planning:

activities that occur before formal planning begins

What occurs during pre-planning?

gathering info, needs assessment, identify stakeholders, review existing data, understand priority population, determine if a program is needed/feasible

Why is pre-planning important?

It identifies the needs and problems, provides essential background info, engages stakeholders early, assesses feasibility, and improves program effectiveness

Define program:

set of activities organized towards specific goals that involve influencing human behavior in some manner

What are the steps/systematic process of a program?

assessing community needs, setting goals, developing interventions to improve health outcomes

Define decision makers?

stakeholders who provide and allocate necessary resources and support

Define resources:

usually money which can be turned into staff, supplies…

Define support:

policies, values, decision making, key management to integrated functioning…

What are the steps in creating a program rationale?

1: Identify appropriate background info

2: Identify the health focus area of interest for your program

3: Title rationale

4: Write the content of the rationale

5: List references used to create rationale (annotated bibliography)

Define stakeholders:

person or organization with a vested interest in a program; helps ensure the necessary foundation and resources exist

Define epidemiology:

the study of distribution and determinants of health related status or events in specific populations, and the application of this study to control health problems

Define cost benefit analysis (CBA):

when a rationale includes an economic component, it will yield the dollar benefit received from the dollars vested in the program

Define cost-effectiveness analysis:

measures the cost of a program based on the health outcomes that are achieved

Define return on investment (ROI):

a common way of reporting a cost-benefit analysis (CBA), measures the costs of a program versus financial return realized by that program

Define evidence:

a body of data that can be used to make decisions when planning a program

Define evidence-based practice:

a process of systematically finding, appraising, and using evidence as the basis for decision-making when planning a health promotion program

Define ‘guide to community preventive services’:

a website that includes community preventive service task forces findings and the systematic reviews of public health interventions covering a variety of topics

Define problem statement:

statement of the problem; a declaration of a health problem

Define social math:

practice of translating statistics and other data so they become interesting to the journalist and meaningful to the audience

Define organizational culture:

the formal and informal policies of an organization that express the organization’s values