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-Fills lungs w/ mucous and congestion, lowering oxygen lvls, causing vasoconstriction of pulmonary artery and vessels
chronic bronchitis
positive inotropic drugs
decrease heart rate to reduce workload
vasodilators such as NTG
inhibit RAAS w/ ACEi
diuretics to decrease preload
treatments for heart failure
digoxin
positive inotropic drug used to treat heart failure
measurement of B-naturietic peptide
how is HF confirmed and quantified
A&B-naturietic peptide
released by right atrium and left ventricle when fluid overload is detected
50pg/ml
healthy BNP lvl
130
mild HF BNP
1000
severe HF BNP
why do A&B naturietic fail to trigger the kidneys to act during severe heart failure
kidney function is already altered by overactive RAAS