Variables and Controls

Variables

Factors in an experiment that can change or be manipulated.

Independent Variable

The variable that the experimenter changes or controls to test its effects.

Dependent Variable

The variable that is measured or tested in an experiment, expected to change in response to the independent variable.

Control Variables

Factors that are kept constant in an experiment to ensure valid results.

Controls

Constants that remain the same throughout the experiment to isolate the effect of the variable being tested.

Importance of Controls

Essential for ensuring valid results and enhancing the reliability and accuracy of experimental outcomes.

Outcome of Experiment

The results observed in the dependent variable after manipulating the independent variable.