Morality Chapter 2

How do Christians make Jesus present in the world?

by their actions

Pope Francis quote about becoming the word

"Jesus teaches us another way: Go out....go out and interact with your brothers...become the Word in Body as well as spirit"

Catholic Catechism quote about Christ's life

"The Whole of Christ's life was a continual teaching"

We learn from Jesus's __________ AND __________

words and his deeds, his values are embedded in his words and actions --> he didn't always flat out state them

Jesus' teachings are both

comforting and challenging

How are Jesus teachings comforting?

they reassure us that God Loves us

How are Jesus' teachings challenging?

The confront us with the truth that demonstrating love for others is essential

Agape

the Greek word for love; is a love that is self-giving - it is selfless

Kenosis

self-emptying love; does not expect anything in return; New Testament word

beatitude (the feeling/state of being, not the prayer)

blessedness and happiness

The Beatitudes

1. Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

2. Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be comforted.

3. Blessed are the meek, for they will inherit the earth.

4. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled.

5. Blessed are the merciful, for they will receive mercy.

6. Blessed are the pure in heart, for they will see God.

7. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called children of God.

8. Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness sake, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

Christians faith and love are strengthened by

hope

What did Jesus call the people to depend on instead of possessions

divine providence

beatific vision

seeing God fact to face; we will enjoy the presence of God after death

Story of the Adultress (and how Jesus was condemning versus comforting)

The Pharisees caught + brought and adultress to Jesus, and they asked Jesus if the people should stone the adultress (what was typical of the law). This question was meant to be a trick. Jesus said that whoever has neve committed sin could throw the first stone, and the people slowly left. He was comforting because he did not condemn the women. He was challenging to the crow by having them reflect on their own sins and to look within. He was challenging to them women by tellering her not to sin again.

Incarnation

son of God becomes human; based on the teachings of the Trinity

Virginal Conception

Jesus is concieved without a human father

Immaculate Conception

refers to Mary's conception (NOT JESUS') and how Mary was conceived without original sin

"Mother of God"

the title given to Mary because of the idenity of the person she gave birth to (the Son); she gave birth to the Son, not the Trinity

Jesus is one divine person with what two natures?

human and divine; he is fully human and fully God; the idea of human nature is borrowed from the Greeks

Quote from the letter to the Hebrews about Jesus' nature

"one like us in all things but sin" ; means that he experienced temptation, he must learn and grow, and he even felt sadness (wept when Lazarus died)

Jesus had to learn and grow in ___,___, and ______

wisdom, love, and grace; ex. when he was left at the temple

Public Ministry

refers to Jesus' activity of preaching/teaching, healing, and exorcising (driving out demons)

excorcism

driving out demons, example of the man in the graveyard with the demon "legion" and then sending them to the pigs

Atonement

one way of describing the significant of Jesus' death, which makes us "at one" with God --> Jesus rights our wrongs

Bodily Resurrection

the belief that Jesus' human body did not remain in the tomb AND that it was completely transformed ex --> people did not even recognize him at first because something about him was different

Last Judgement

belief that Jesus Christ will return in glory to bring history to a close and to judge all of humanity; we will face God at the end of our lives, basics are detailed in the Nicene Creed

The Council of Nicea

4th century meeting of bishops that taught that the Son was not created by the Father; the Nicene Creed says that the Son is "God from God, Light from Light, true God from true God; begotten, not made"; --> whatever makes God to be God, the Son has it

Council of Chalcedon

5th century meeting of bishops that reaffirmed that Jesus Christ is both fully human and fully divine. Everything that humans had, so goes He

Overall of Jesus' morality

Jesus challenges his followers to avoid minimalism and instead, to do more. It is not enough to just avoid murdering people.

minimalism

doing the least required; Jesus warns us of this

The Great Commandment

Two parts: Love God with your whole heart, soul, and mind AND love your neighbor as yourself; Jesus linked these two parts from the Old Testament

Parable of the Last Judgement

people will be judged based on how they treat others. You must find the outcast and find Jesus in unexpected places. "when I was hungry, you gave me food"; sheep versus goats

Where is Sermon of the Mount found in the bible, and how does it open?

found in Matthew and Luke, but Matthew is more popular; opens with the Beatitudes

Two general things that the Beatitudes promise

reversal and reward

reversal Beatitudes

the first 4, they promise the reversal of present unfortunate situation (mourn --> comforted)

reward Beatitudes

2nd 4 beatitudes, they promise reward for present righteous conduct (merciful ---. receive mercy)

Sermon contains some of Jesus _____ ___________

hard sayings: overturn conventional values and these are hard to put into practice

What are some of Jesus' "hard sayings"

love of enemies, no divorce, no retaliation/turn the other cheeks, give to those who ask

retaliation

getting back at people

Sermon on the Mount in relation to 10 commandments

somewhat extends them (as well as other previous laws)

What do the Beatitudes do?

proclaim Jesus' attitude to life in the world

Where does Matthew situate Sermon on the Mount and why?

on the side of a mountain; mountains symbolize the presence of God and this was where God often speaks to his people

What was the New Law

is the law of love, grace, and freedom; associated with Jesus in the New Testament and is blueprint for Christian living

the Golden Rule

"in everything do unto others as you have them do unto you" ; this is Jesus' final piece of advice at the Sermon for finding joy and happiness

what is the literary from of the Sermon in matthew's Gospel and what does it mean in the literary context?

a beatitude: a form of Hebrew poetry that uses rhyming ideas

Who are the "poor in spirit"

those who keep God at the center of their lives and have absolute trust in him; have the virtue of humility

what does Jesus mean by "those who mourn"

those who have a sense of sadness over their own suffering and sin, but also the suffering and sin of others, especially sinful and oppressive structures of society

where is God during times of suffering?

He is our companion and is compassionate

What quality does the "meek" have

they are gentle

What is an authentic disciple of Christ

someone who hungers for justice, fairness, and equality

what need is revealed by the presence of human misery

the need for salvation and healing of our human condition

how does Matthew describe the merciful?

they hate the sin and love the sinner; do not judge others harshly

who are the "pure in heart"

those who keep their eyes on God; desire to please God and do the will of God above everything else

Hebrew word "Shalom"

is the word for peace; it points to all the good things that God wants for us

who are "peacemakers"

they work to restore harmony in every situation, the reconcile people

What results from suffering for the cause of justice

works to bring abut the Kingdom of Heaven

How does Jesus convey meaning + reality of beatitudes

he lives them and is the beatitudes made flesh; whole life (death, resurrection, and ascension) shows us what it means to follow Beatitudes

describe the family life of Helen Kowalska

she was born in a small village west of Lodz, Poland; large family (3rd of 10 kids); poor family; struggled on a small farm during WWII

What was St. Maria Faustina's contribution to life in the convent

humble tasks; worked in the kitchen, garden, or as a porter

What did Jesus say in an apparition to St. Maria Faustina

"my mercy is so great that no mind, be it man or angle, will be able to fathem it throughout all eternity"

When does the church celebrate the feast day of Divine Mercy

on the second Sunday of Easter

When does the church celebrate the memory of St. Maria Faustina

on October 5, her feast day

What congregation did Helen Kowalska enter

The Sisters of Our Lady of Mercy

what name did St Helen Kowalska take

Sister Maria Faustina of the Most Blessed Sacrament

What is the name of St. Maria Faustina's Diary

Divine Mercy in my Soul, where she wrote about her private revelations and visions of Jesus

what did Jesus ask St. Maria Faustina to do

model in her own life the mercy of God to remind people that if they wanted divine mercy for themselves, they had to merciful to others

What was made based on St. Maria Faustina's visions

the Divine Mercy image with the inscription "Jesus, I trust in you"

those who recognize their absolute dependence on God are the

Poor in spirit

"righteousness" can be understood as

Justice

materialism

Pursuit of things that turns them into idols

in the sermon, we learned not to do things like just avoid murder (as if says in 10 commandments) but to also..

not even get angry

What happened to Jesus' body after the resurrection

It was transformed

from the sermon on the mount, do not view another person as...

a sex object

what is the central theme of Jesus preaching

The Kingdom of God is at hand

who are we supposed to love instead of hate?

our enemies

Kingdom of God

what results if people put Jesus' teachings into practice (justice, peace, love); is the central message of Jesus' preaching