the four lobes of the brain

frontal lobe

decision making, planning, personality, movement (deciding what to say)

parietal lobe

processes touch, pain, temperature, and spatial information (feeling something hot)

temporal lobe

hearing, language, and memory (understanding someone talk)

occipital lobe

process vision (seeing a picture)

prefrontal cortex: frontal lobe

decision making, planning and self control

motor cortex: frontal lobe

controls voluntary muscle movement

broca’s area: frontal lobe

helps produce speech

somatosensory cortex: parietal lobe

processes touch, pain, and temperature

association areas: parietal lobe

combine information to help with complex thinking

wernicke’s area: temporal lobe

helps understand language

contralaterality

the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body

brain lateralization

the idea that the two sides of the brain have somewhat different specialized functions

split brain

a condition where the corpus callosum is cut or disconnected, preventing normal communication between the two hemispheres

hemispherectomy

a surgery that removes or disconnects one cerebral hemisphere to treat certain severe neurological conditions

broca’s aphasia

people know what they want to say, but struggle to get the words out

wernicke’s aphasia

people can speak fluently, but the sentences may not make sense or use wrong/made-up words

brain plasticity (neuroplasticity)

the brain's ability to change, reorganize, and form new connections between neurons based on learning, experiences, or injury