GenChem M1

Alloy

Mixture of chemical elements where the primary component is a metal

Atom

Smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical identity

Centrifugation

Use of high-speed spinning to force denser materials to the bottom

Chemical change

Process where substances are converted into one or more new substances

Chemical property

Property exhibited by matter as it undergoes changes in composition

Chemistry

The study of matter, its properties, changes, and accompanying energy

Colloid

Heterogeneous mixture with particle size between 1-1000 nm

Compound

Pure substance of two or more elements chemically combined in definite proportions

Distillation

Separation of a homogeneous liquid mixture based on differences in boiling point

Element

Substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical changes

Energy

The capacity to do work or to cause displacement

Extensive property

Property that depends on the amount of matter

Extraction

Separation of immiscible liquids with different densities using a separatory funnel

Filtration

Separation of undissolved solids in a liquid using filter paper

Gas

State of matter where molecules move at great speeds in all directions

Heterogeneous mixture

Mixture without the same composition throughout; components are distinguishable

Homogeneous mixture

Mixture with the same composition throughout; components are indistinguishable

Intensive property

Property that does not depend on the amount of matter

Liquid

State of matter where molecules flow easily and assume container shape

Mass

A measure of the quantity of matter in a sample

Matter

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Mixture

Matter with variable composition where components retain their characteristic properties

Molecule

Two or more atoms bound together

Physical change

Process that changes a physical property without changing composition

Physical property

Property observable in the absence of any change in composition

Plasma

State of matter consisting of electrons and nuclei at very high temperatures

Property

A characteristic used to recognize and distinguish a particular substance

Pure substance

Matter with fixed composition that cannot be separated by physical methods

Sieving

Separation of two solids of different sizes using a sieve

Solid

State of matter with molecules in regular, repeating patterns

Solution

Homogeneous mixture with particle size between 0.01-1 nm

Suspension

Heterogeneous mixture with particle size over 1000 nm; particles settle out

Tyndall effect

The scattering of light by particles in a colloid