Lecture 10 Posture

posture implies

shape or configuration of the body

the multi-segmented human body does not have a

single posture

what is dynamic posture

movement posture

what is static posture

no movement

all posture is somewhat

dynamic

what is an example of dynamic posture during quiet standing

postural sway

posture represents a persons

habitual carriage

what are some posture considerations

standing alignment, sitting alignment, several views (ant, post, lateral), landmarks to compare

what head/neck muscles maintain posture

capital extensors/flexors, lower c-spine extensors

what muscles maintain posture in your back

thoracic and lumbar extensors (erector spinae)

what muscles maintain posture in your hips

y ligament, hip flexors

what muscles maintain posture in your knee

SHM, quads without SHM

what maintains posture in your ankle

plantarflexors (soleus)

what is the gravitation moment and line of gravity for the atlanto-occipital joint

flexion and anterior

what is the gravitational moment and line of gravity for the cervical spine

extension and posterior

what is the gravitational moment and line of gravity for the thoracic spine

flexion and anterior

what is the gravitational moment and line of gravity for the lumbar spine

extension (lordosis), posterior

what is the gravitational moment and line of gravity for the hip

extension and posterior

what is the gravitational moment and line of gravity of the knee

extension and anterior

what is the gravitational moment and line of gravity of the ankle

dorsiflexion and anterior

posture is not just a

spine alignment

when looking at posture you start from the ground and go to the

head

when looking at posture in the feet what are you looking for

sup/pronation, neutral

when looking at posture in the knees what are you looking for

genu varum, neutral or valgus

when looking at posture in the hips you are looking for

coxa vara, neutral, IR, ER, valgus, retro and anteversion

when looking at posture in the back we are looking for

flat, neutral, arched

when looking at posture in the shoulders we are looking for

forward, neutral, back

when looking for posture in the upper arms we are looking for

forward, neutral, back

when looking for posture in the scapula we are looking for

even/uneven

when looking at the posture in the elbows we are looking at the

carrying angle

when looking at posture in the head we are looking for

tilted, neutral, turned

when someone has genu varum their bos is

small

when someone has genu valgum their bos is

bigger

the most common cause of postural problems are

muscle imbalances

muscle imbalances are caused by

overuse, loss of motion, flexibility, postural deviations, and injuries

in order to correct posture we must determine if there are any

muscle imbalances

what can be done to treat postural problems

lengthen shortened muscle groups, strength weak/inhibited muscle groups, educate on correction, correct ergonomic issues

what are two strategies used to correct postural swat

hip and ankle strategy

how is hip strategy achieved

through trunk flexion/extension and hip flexion

what plane of motion does the hip strategy focus on

sag

how does the ankle strategy maintain stability

ankle/foot adopts to surfaces

when is ankle strategy used

abrupt changes of support surface

what is a dynamic adaptation in postural control

body’s ability to adjust and maintain stability during movement

what interprets threats to postural stability

CNS

what sensory receptor does the cns use to maintain posture control

proprioceptors

what three changes can challenge postural stability

acceleration, change in bos, change in direction

what disrupts static posture

movement

what flows through the kinetic chain

action/reaction

reaction is transmitted from

support surface

the key for dynamic posture is the relationship between

center of gravity and pressure, momentum

what are the two types of postural adjustments

anticipatory (feed forward) and proprioceptive (feedback)

what is feedforward posture

anticipatory adjustments made before an expected movement or disturbance

what is feedback posture

adjustments made in response to sensory information after disturbance

what causes upper and lower cross syndromes

muscle imbalances involving tight/overactive muscles and weak/inhibited muscles

what muscles are tight/overactive in upper cross syndrome

upper trap, levator, pec major/minor

what muscles are weak in upper cross syndrome

deep cervical flexors and middle/lower trap

what posture abnormalities are associated with upper crossed syndrome

forward head posture and rounded shoulders

what muscles are tight/overactive in lower crossed syndrome

erector spinae, hip flexors (iliopsoas)

what muscles are weak in lower cross syndrome

glute max and abdominals

what postural abnormality is associated with lower cross syndrome

anterior pelvic tilt, increased lumbar lordosis