Pathology Module 5: Disease of the Skin

Which layer of the epidermis is only in the soles of feet and palms of hands?

stratum lucidum

Which layer of the epidermis is where water-proofing starts?

stratum granulosm

Which layer of the epidermis is considered stitched together?

stratum spinosum

What cells in the epidermis secrete cytokines?

macrophages

What cells in the epidermis carry antigens to lymph nodes?

langerhans cells

What type of skin disorder is psoriasis, keratosis, cysts, warts and papilloma?

proliferative skin conditions

What type of skin lesion is flat?

macule

What of skin lesion is an elevated dome shape?

papule

What type of skin lesion is a discrete, pus filled, and raised?

pustule

What type of skin lesion is dry, horny and platelike?

scale

What type of skin lesion is itchy, tranient and elevated?

Wheal

Macule, papules, pustules, wheals are scales are examples of?

macroscopic lesion

What type of microscopic lesion is described by diffuse epidermal hyperplasia?

acanthosis

What type of microscopic lesion is described by abnormal premature keratinization?

dyskeratosis

What type of microscopic lesion is described by thickening of stratum corneum?

hyperkeratosis

What type of microscopic lesion is described by retention in nuclei in stratum corneum of a squamos epithelium?

parakeratosis

True or false: Parakeratosis is normal on mucous membrane?

True

What is a key trait of acute inflammatory dermatoses?

often mononuclear cells in infiltrate rather than neutrophils

Which of the following describes Urticaria

Type 1 Hypersensitivity

Type 1 Hypersensitivity is defined by what triggers?

pollens, foods, viruses

Type 1 Hypersensitivity antigens bind to IgE on mast cells and degranulate them?

True

Which of the following has typical appearance of pruritic papules with vesicles that ooze?

Eczema

Which of the following has a targetoid or target tissue?

erythema multiforme

What is psoriasis?

T-cell mediated inflammatory response in dermis, epidermis

Characteristic lesion of psoriasis is described as?

salmon colored, with white scales

Auspitz sign

Auspitz sign psoriasis is what?

bleeding when scale is removed

Psoriasis is seen where?

knees, elbows, scalp

Lichen planus has what key characteristic?

Saw tooth epidermis

wickham striae (white streaks)

Lichen simplex chronicus has what key characteristics?

roughening in skin

acanthosis

hyperkeratosis/granulosis

Lupus erythmetosis has what key characteristics?

butterfly rash

Anti-DNA antibodies

What type of dermatoses is bacterial, fungal, and virus?

infectious

Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria that is gained through direct contact causes what?

impetigo

What is caused by keratin pluggin of hair shafts causing break down sebaceous oils?

Acne vulgaris

Acne vulgaris mostly occurs in who?

males due to testosterone during puberty

What type of bacteria can you get a fungal infection from?

all of the above

Tinea corporis is what?

ringworm of body

Tinea pedis is what?

ringworm of feet (athletes foot)

Tinea cruris is what?

ringworm of groin (jock itch)

What subtypes cause majority of HPV related cancers and warts?

16 and 18

Pemphigus vulgaris is caused by what?

antibodies attack skin glue or desmosomes

Pemphigus vulgaris will result in what?

positive nikolsky: top layers of skin seperating from bottom

Bullous pemphigoid is caused by what?

antibodies attacking hemidesmosomes

What is dermatitis herpetiform caused by?

IgA deposites in tops of dermal papillae

80% of dermatitis herpetiform cases are associated with what?

celiac disease

What is vitiligo?

pigment disappears from a patch of skin

What are nevi?

benign growths of young melanocytes

What are dermal nevus?

clusters of young melanocytes that are confined to dermis

What are dysplastic nevus?

abnormal maturation of nevus cells

What can dysplastic nevus lead to?

malignant melanoma

What are the ABCDs of melanoma?

asymmetry, border, color, diameter

Which of the following described by greasy looking, keratin rich, benign and seen most in older people?

seborrheic keratosis

Does seborrheic keratosis invade the dermis?

it does not

Which of the following is described by mutation in PTCH1 and arising from basal layer

basal cell carcinoma

What is the most common malignancy?

basal cell carcinoma

What PTCH1?

tumor suppression gene

Which of the following arises from differentiated squamos epithelium and invades and spreads?

squamos cell carcinoma

True or false: squamos cell carcinoma has a high mitotic count?

True

Which of the following invades only locally?

basal cell carcinoma