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*NTM = neurotransmitter
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glutamate
important excitatory NTM in the brain
learning, memory, cognition
mechanism - long-term potentiation
LTP
adding receptors to synapse to boost signals, strengthens synapses via repeated high-freq signals
glutamate location
spinal cord, brain stem, cerebellum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex
excessive glutamate (excitotoxicity)
overstimulation and neuronal death
NMDA receptor
activated when glutamate and binds to it
GABA
main inhibitory NTM, stabilize neural activity, calms to prevent excessive excitation
GABA location
cerebellum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, striatonigral system