106: Lec 29

How does DNP move protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane?

H+ is added onto it and then it moves across membrane and dumps the H+ into mitochondrial matrix

How does DNP increase metabolic rate?

Because body wants to make ATP more so uses fat

Where is UCP 1 only found?

Brown adipocytes

What is the difference between control of UCP and DNP?

UCP 1 production is controlled by cells, DNP concentration is not

What is the first step of changing colour for an adipocyte?

What is the second step of changing colour for an adipocyte?

What is the third step of changing colour for an adipocyte?

What surrounds the lipid droplet in an adipocyte?

Perilipin

What phosphorylates hormone sensitive lipase (HSL)?

PKA

What phosphorylates perilipin?

PKA

What does phosphorylation of HSL and perilipin do?

Activates HSL and dissociates perilipin from lipid droplet, thus activating lipolysis

After lipolysis occurs, where do the fatty acids go and what do they do?

Go to mitochondria to form NADH and FADH2 so proton gradients exist. Also stimulate UCP1

What disease in humans causes browning of WAT?

Cachexia

What does IL - 6 do?

Stimulates adrenal gland to release NE and acts directly on WAT to stimulate lipolysis (thus browning)

What happens when someone is severely burnt?

10-fold increase in NE for several weeks causes browning

Why is browning of WAT harder to stimulate in humans?

Different distribution and responsiveness of adrenergic receptors in humans vs rodents

What is the difference between the types of receptors in humans vs rodents?

What does human BAT do in response to cold?

Increase rate of glucose uptake (more than insulin) and fatty acid uptake. this may help with diabetes