LING 313 W5: (Voicing) Acoustic Basics
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30 Terms
modal voicing
regular voicing as in most vowels
non-modal voicing
breathy, modal, creaky
whats the voicing continuum
whats another name for creaky voice
laryngealization
whats happens during creaky voice
the arytenoid c. are tightly together and only the anterior end vibrates
what are the different meaning of creaky voice
can be contrastively
social meanings
vocal fry
is this creaky voice, breathy voice?
creaky
how to make breathy voice
vocal folds are looser, and more air gets thru with each cycle
can breathy voice be contrastive?
yes
is this creaky voice, breathy voice?
breathy voice
voice onset time
easy to measure
its only one aspect of voiced/voiceless stop contrasts
when can we tract VOT
only be measured before a vowel
when can we not tract VOT
can’t measure it in word-final position
what are the 2 types of basic waves
transverse
Longitudinal
t/f: in both, the particles themselves dont travel, but the waves does
true
what happens in transverse
particles move up and down in perpendicular motion
what happens in longitudinal
particles move forward and backward
what are some real life examples of transverse waves
stadium waves - ppl dont move but there is a wave
where are the peak(s) and vally(s)?
peak are the top, positive wave; Vally are the most bottom, negative wave
Longitudinal wave can be represented the same way as the transverse wave
both waves follow the principles of simple sine waves
simple sine wave
describe where the peak/vally, compression and refractory zones are
peak = darker parts = compression zone
vally = lighter parts = refractory zone
what are the characteristics of simple waves
Frequency, intensity, phase
Frequency
the number of full cycles per second
measured in Hz
are pitch and freq. the same?
no, pitch is what we perceive after interpreting those frequencies
freq. is obtained from recordings
amplitude
distance between/w 0 line and peak (or vally)
how big are the movements/bigger wave, bigger effect
can we say that amplitude and loudness are similar?
nope
loudness = we perceive after interpreting amplitude in our hearing system
phase
the timepoints when the wave started
D