Intro to MI - Quiz 3 (Ch.5-9)

Patient Care Standards

Provide - timely, respectful, quality services

Practice - radiation safety

Prevent - spread of disease

ALSO - provide comfort (talk in gentle voice, be empathetic)

Infant Handling

Speak quite & calmly (scared of loud noise)

Don’t walk away from them (scared of falling)

Hold them securely (scared of falling)

Calm, rested facial expression (as that their main form of communication)

Gender Identity & Communication

Using preferred name and pronouns.

Introduce yourself with pronouns (if comfortable)

Use gender neutral pronouns and language (like they, all, friends, folks)

LGBTQ+

acronym of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer

Non-binary or genderqueer

spectrum of gender identities that are not exclusively male nor female.

Transgender

umbrella term for people whose gender identity is different than cultural expectation based on gender they were assigned at birth.

Patients EXPECT high-quality service so…

You should strive to EXCEED patient expectations

Telephone Etiquette

Be PROFESSIONAL

Keep the number of rings to a minimum.

Identify yourself and your department

Enunciate Carefully

Personalize the Call.

Know how to work the phone.

Ask for permission to place caller on hold, and check in periodically

Thank the caller

Let them hang up first

Speaking with limited English-speaking patients

Speak loudly, NOT loudly

Face patient, use facial expression, images, and gestures

Avoid difficult words

Rephrase and summarize often

Do NOT ask yes or no questions

Conflict Resolution

EFFECTIVE LISTENING

• good eye contact

• face the person directly

• look relaxed physically

• use facial expressions to show concern

• give complete attention

• avoid interrupting

Sympathy VS Empathy

Sympathy - Recognition & Understanding & Acknowledging of another person.

Empathy - Experiencing the feeling of another, similar personal experiences, Emotion

X-Ray Room Components

X-Ray Rube, Control Panel, Table, Wall Bucky

X-Ray Tube and Bucky Tray MUST…

be aligned to get accurate images

X-Ray Tube

Directional Buttons

Collimator

Cathode

Rotating Anode

Control Panel

Allows Selection of Technical Factors (mAs kVp)

Electron Cloud Production

current heats cathode filament producing the electron cloud know as mA

Heat Production in X-ray Tube

Most electrons produce heat, 1% Xrays due to energy conversion where there is a sudden deceleration of electrons at the anode.

mAs Control

mAs - milliampere per seconds, determines number of x-rays produced. the greater the mA, the greater the amount of radiation produced.

CONTROLED ON CONTROL PLANE

Cathode

the negative electrode

inside x-ray tube

Anode

positive electrode (target that electrons hit)

inside the x-ray tube

kVp

quality

penetration (strength of beam)

greater penetration the more radiation hitting the image receptor

voltage applied (acceleration of electrons)

mA

quantity

dose

Fluoroscopy

live-action of the interior of the body

uses contrast (varying radiation-absorbing properties) such as barium, iodine, and air

ex. upper gi (barium)

Digital Radiography

a method of obtaining digital images through computer hardware and software instead of film or screens.

2 KINDS (Computed and Direct)

CR vs DR

Main Distinction - direct connection between the exposure unit and the processing unit

Radiographic Densities

Air, Fat, Muscle, Bone

ALL effect imaging parameters and quality

Contrast in Imaging

Subject Contrast - variation in brightness levels, difference between 2 tones.

Helped with Contrast Media, like barium, iodine, air

Image Detail Factors

Spatial Resolution (Distinctness & Sharpness)

Distortion & Magnification (Change in shape & Size)

Subject Contrast (Difference between 2 Tones)

Brightness (Amount of Light Emission of Display Monitor)

Receptor Exposure (Amount of Radiation reading the IR)

Patient Preparation

History Taking

Explaining the Procedure

External Patient Preparation

History Taking

Explaining the Procedure

Remove objects that would interfere with imaging

Internal Patient Preparation

History Taking

Explaining the Procedure

Fasting, enemas (removal of fecal material/gas) or Contrast Media

Bucky Tray

component of a radiography table or stand that holds the image receptor and incorporates a grid to reduce scatter radiation, improving X-ray image quality.

Small Bowel Exam

Used to look at tumors, inflammation, obstructions and malabsorption of nutrients.

Fluoroscopy Study

Drink more Contrast, continuation of UGI, REPEAT

Biliary System Imaging

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Used to diagnose abnormalities in the biliary sytem or pancreas.

Contrast Medium injected into common bile duct after fiberoptic scope is passed into esophagus, stomach and duodenum.

Arthrogram

Largely used in MRI

Evaluates diarthrodial joints (knee, shoulder, joint)

Contrast medium injected into joint space (Fluoroscopy)

Myelogram Imaging

Generally replaced by MRI

Examination of the Subarachnoid Space of the Spinal Cord

Water-soluble contrast media injected (Fluoroscopy) through Back or Neck

Vein Imaging (Venogram)

study of veins after the injection of contrast

Quality of Care Evaluation

Customer Service Industry (patient and families are the customers)

The Joint Commission (TJC) - complain system must exist.

Communication, Concern and Caring

EXCEED YOUR PATIENT’S EXPECTATION

Thoracic Cavity

Most Commonly radiographed structure.

Of the Chest

Evaluates heart, lungs, tumors, fractures.

Why a Left Lateral Chest?

because it is closer view of the heart.

PA View

Posterior to Anterior View.

Majority of time & Best Results.

Stomach is directly on the Image Receptor.

AP View

Anterior to Posterior View.

DO NOT MOVE TRAUMA PATIENTS B/C

you did not want to cause further injury. especially with spinal or neck injuries.

MRI is better at showing… than CT

soft tissue in for detail