Quarter 1 Arts, Music, and Physical Education Reviewer

Comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering Quarter 1 lessons on Art Movements (Impressionism, Expressionism, Abstractionism, Abstract Expressionism, Philippine National Artists), 20th-Century Music Styles and Composers, and Hip-Hop Dance Concepts.

Impressionism (Art Movement)

An art movement emerging in the second half of the 19th century (1872 to mid 1880s) among Paris-based artists that depicted the natural appearance of objects using short, visible dabs or strokes of unmixed primary colors to simulate actual reflected light.

Claude Monet

One of the founders and most influential figures of the Impressionist movement (1840-1926), best known for his landscape paintings of gardens and water lily ponds, including La promenade and The Red Boats.

Auguste Renoir

A central figure of the Impressionist movement (1842-1919) whose works captured snapshots of real life filled with color and light before he broke away in the mid 1880s to apply a more disciplined, formal technique to portraits.

Edouard Monet

One of the first 19th-century artists to depict modern life subjects (1832-1883) and a key figure in the transition from realism to impressionism.

Paul Cezanne

A French Post-Impressionist artist (1839-1906) whose works paved the way for 20th-century art movements such as Expressionism.

Vincent Van Goh

A Post-Impressionist artist from the Netherlands (1853-1890) remarkable for strong, heavy brush strokes, intense emotions, and pulsating colors, famous for works like Starry Night.

Expressionism (Art Movement)

A theory or practice in art seeking to depict subjective emotions and responses arousal by objects and events using imagination and emotional force rather than naturalistic physical reality.

Neoprimitivism

An art style incorporating elements from native arts of the South Sea Islanders and African wood carvings, adopted by artists like Amedeo Modigliani in works such as Head and Yellow Sweater.

Fauvism

An art movement typified by the work of Henri Matisse that used bold, vibrant colors, visual distortions, free treatment of form, and decorative effects.

Dadaism

An art style characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks and surprises, exemplified by Giorgio de Chirico's Melancholy and Mystery of a Street.

Surrealism

An art style derived from the term 'super realism' that depicted illogical, subconscious dreamworlds beyond the logical conscious world through unnatural or irrational juxtapositions.

Social Realism

An art movement where artists used their works to protest against the injustices, inequalities, immorality, and ugliness of the human condition as part of social reform.

Cubism

An abstractionist art style named after the three-dimensional cube, featuring a play of strictly measured planes and angles on a flat surface, famously practiced by Pablo Picasso.

Futurism

An artistic and social movement originating in Italy in the 20th century that emphasized speed, technology, youth, violence, and industrial elements like cars and airplanes.

Mechanical Style

An abstract art style where basic forms such as planes, cones, spheres, and cylinders fit together precisely and neatly in appointed places, as seen in Fernand Léger's The City.

Nonobjectivism

A style of abstract art wholly devoid of reference to the natural world, representing a logical geometrical conclusion of abstractionism without using figures or representations.

Abstract Expressionism

A development of abstract art originating in New York in the 1940s and 1950s that aimed at subjective emotional expression through creative spontaneous acts.

Action Painting

A form of abstract expressionism created through the spontaneous application of paint, prominently featured in the works of Jackson Pollock such as Autumn Rhythm.

Color Field Painting

A technique in abstract expressionism using different color saturations and intensities to create large, vibrant fields of color, as seen in Mark Rothko's Magenta, Black, Green on Orange.

Pictograph Art

Artwork consisting of pictorial signs, symbols, cave drawings, or graphs with symbolic figures representing certain numbers of people, cars, or factories.

Pop Art

An art movement seeking reforms in traditional values that made use of commonplace or nonsensical objects, ranging from posters and collages to 3D assemblages.

Optical Art (Op Art)

An art movement where lines, spaces, and colors are precisely planned and positioned to create the illusion of movement taking place in the viewer's eye.

Conceptual Art

An art movement in which the idea presented by the artist is considered more important than the finished physical product.

Fernando Amorsolo

The 'Grand Old Man of Philippine Art' and first National Artist in 1972, famous for his mastery of natural light and bright rural Philippine landscapes.

Carlos "Botong" Francisco

A distinguished muralist from Angono, Rizal (1912-1969) and one of the first Filipino modernists known for historical pieces capturing traditional Filipino life.

Victorio Edades

Recognized as the father of modern Philippine painting (1895-1985), he challenged academic art conventions with distorted figures and dark, bold strokes.

Hernando R. Ocampo

A self-taught Filipino abstractionist (1911-1978) whose bold colors and radical shapes depicted biological forms, anguish, and social truths.

Cesar Legaspi

A Filipino neo-realist painter (1917-1994) best known for Cubist-inspired works using geometric fragmentation to address human suffering and social poverty.

Benedicto "BenCab" Cabrera

Considered the preeminent Filipino painter of his generation (born 1942), famous for his iconic Sabel paintings depicting figures wrapped in swirling fabrics.

Impressionism (Music)

A 20th-century musical style pioneered by Claude Debussy focusing on suggestion and atmosphere, conveying moods triggered by subjects through overlapping chords and indirect colors.

Expressionism (Music)

A 20th-century musical style marked by atonality and super-romanticism, stretching harmony rules to express extreme personal feelings, pioneered by Arnold Schoenberg.

Twelve-Tone System

A compositional technique, also known as the serial technique, developed by Arnold Schoenberg where twelve tones are related directly to one another.

Neoclassicism (Music)

A 20th-century musical style that is light, entertaining, cool, and independent of emotional content, utilizing the 7-note diatonic scale and traditional forms.

Avant-Garde Music

A musical movement acting as the vanguard of experimentation, dealing with parameters of sound in space and electronic media without traditional rules on harmony.

Modern Nationalism

A looser form of 20th-century music development focused on combining modern musical techniques with traditional folk materials.

Electronic Music

Music created using machines such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders, and loudspeakers to produce sounds that cannot be generated by regular musical instruments.

Musique Concrète (Music Concrete)

Electronic music where composers record environmental sounds (traffic, wind, dog barks, infant cries) on tape recorders and arrange them into compositions.

Chance Music

A style of music in which a piece sounds different at every performance due to random techniques, surrounding ambient sounds, or ring modulators, pioneered by John Cage.

Hip-Hop

A cultural movement originating in the Bronx, New York City during the 1970s among African American and Latin American youth, defined by core pillars such as DJ-ing, breakdancing, rapping, MC-ing, and graffiti art.

Breakdancing (Breaking / B-Boying)

A street dance style created in the South Bronx in the early 1970s combining acrobatics, gymnastics, and rhythm through four main movements: Top Rock, Down Rock, Freezes, and Power Moves.

Locking

A street dance style created by Don 'Campbellock' Campbell in 1969 in Los Angeles, California, characterized by distinct pauses or freezes during movement.

Popping

A street dance style created in Fresno, California in the 1970s by Samuel 'Boogaloo Sam' Solomon, characterized by contracting or jerking muscles to create a pop or hit illusion.

Tutting

An upper body street dance style derived from early Egyptian art that uses arms, hands, and wrists to form creative geometric right angles.

Krumping

A free, expressive, exaggerated, and highly energetic street dance style originating in the African American community, featuring abrupt and strong movements.

Waacking

A street dance style originating in the 1970s underground disco LGBTQ club scenes of LA and NYC, characterized by posing and fast synchronized arm movements.