PHS 3103 - Chapter 1: Introduction Anatomy

Anatomy

Study of structure (Composition, location, associated structures)

Physiology

Study of function of anatomical structures

Levels of Organization (simple to complex)

Atoms

Molecules

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ systems

Organisms

Cytology

Study of cells

Histology

Study of tissue

Comparative Anatomy

Similarities and differences across different species

Developmental Anatomy

Structural Changes from conception to maturity

Embryology

Developmental changes occurring prior to birth

Regional Anatomy

Studies all structures within a single region

Surface Anatomy

Studies superficial and internal structures as they relate to their location on the body surface

Systemic Anatomy

Studies structures involved with a specific activity (Ex: Digestion)

Major Components of the Integumentary System (4)

1. Skin

2. Hair

3. Sweat glands

4.Nails

Functions of the Integumentary System (3)

1. Protects against environment

2. Regulates body temperature

3. Provides sensory information

Major Organs of the Skeletal System (4)

1. Bones

2. Cartilage

3. Associated ligaments

4. Bone marrow

Functions of the Skeletal System (3)

1. Supports and Protects other Tissues

2. Stores Minerals (Calcium)

3. Forms Blood Cells

Major Organs of Muscular System (2)

1. Skeletal muscles

2. Associated Tendons

Functions of the Skeletal System (3)

1. Provides movement

2. Supports and Protects other Tissues

3. Generates heat that maintain Body Temperature

Components of the Circulatory System (2)

1. Cardiovascular System

2. Lymphatic System

Functions of the Circulatory System (1)

Transportation of Materials within the body

Major Organs of the Cardiovascular System (3)

1. Heart

2. Blood

3. Blood Vessels

Functions of the Cardiovascular System (2)

1. Distributes blood cells, water, nutrients, waste, oxygen, and carbon dioxide

2. Distributes heat to control body temperature