renaissacne and reformation vocab

mercenary

a soldier who fights primarily for pay

burgher

a member of the middle class who lived in a city or town

republic

a form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote

humanism

an intellectual movemnt of the renaissance based on the study of humanities which included grammar, rhetoric, poetry moral philosophy and history

vernacular

the language of everyday speech in a particular language

fresco

painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water based plants

perspective

artistic techniques used to give the effect of three dimensional depth to two dimensional surfaces, viewpoint

christian humanism

a movement that developed in northern europe during the renaissance combinging classical learning with the goal of reforming the catholic church

salvation

the state of being saved through faith alone or through good faith and good works

indulgence

a release from all or part of punishment for sin by the catholic church, reducing time in purgatory after death

lutheranism

the religious doctrine that martin luther developed, differed from catholicism in the doctine of salvation, wehihc luther believed could be achieved by faith alone not by good works, lutheranism was first protestant faith

justification

the process of being justified, or deemed worthy of salvation by God

annul

yearly

ghetto

formerly a district in city where jews were required to live

predestination

the belief that God was determined in advnce who will be saved (the elect( and who will be damned (the reprobate)