Shanghai Architecture Final

兴建

(xīng jiàn) - to build/construct (esp. large projects)

开端

(kāi duān) - beginning/start

坚固

(jiān gù) - solid/sturdy

朴素

(pǔ sù) - simple/plain/modest

勘察

(kān chá) - to survey/investigate (a site)

规划

(guī huà) - to plan/planning

间距

(jiàn jù) - spacing/interval/gap

构想

(gòu xiǎng) - concept/idea/vision

象征⭐

⭐(xiàng zhēng) - symbol/to symbolize

民谣

(mín yáo) - folk song

蜿蜒

(wān yán) - winding/meandering

分割

(fēn gē) - to divide/separate/partition

心态

(xīn tài) - mindset/mental state

再度⭐

⭐(zài dù) - once again/a second time

源泉⭐

⭐(yuán quán) - source/fountainhead (often figurative)

缩影

(suō yǐng) - microcosm/epitome/miniature reflection

耀眼⭐

⭐(yào yǎn) - dazzling/brilliant

热土

(rè tǔ) - beloved land/cherished place

功能

(gōng néng) - function/feature

变幻⭐

⭐(biàn huàn) - to change/shift (in a mysterious or rapid way)

辉映

(huī yìng) - to shine upon/reflect light; to complement each other

混凝土

(hùn níng tǔ) - concrete (building material)

几经周折

(jǐ jīng zhōu zhé) - after many twists and turns/after much difficulty

埋头弓腰

(mái tóu gōng yāo) - head down, back bent — working hard with full concentration

倚墙而立

(yǐ qiáng ér lì) - to stand leaning against a wall

一惊一乍

(yī jīng yī zhà) - easily startled/making a fuss over small things

不甘寂寞

(bù gān jì mò) - unwilling to be left out; wanting to join in/be noticed

寸土寸金

(cùn tǔ cùn jīn) - every inch of land is worth gold — land is extremely precious

阡陌农田⭐

⭐(qiān mò nóng tián) - crisscrossing paths through farmland; rural agricultural fields

低矮棚屋

(dī ǎi péng wū) - low, ramshackle huts/shacks

真实写照⭐

⭐(zhēn shí xiě zhào) - a true portrayal/accurate reflection of reality

尽收眼底⭐

⭐(jìn shōu yǎn dǐ) - to take in the whole view at a glance; everything visible before you

热切关注

(rè qiē guān zhù) - to follow closely with great enthusiasm/concern

引人瞩目⭐

⭐(yǐn rén zhǔ mù) - eye-catching/attracting widespread attention

毋庸置疑

(wú yōng zhì yí) - beyond doubt/without question

暸望

(liào wàng) - to watch from a height/lookout; to observe from a vantage point

眺望⭐

⭐(tiào wàng) - to gaze into the distance (from a high place)

远眺

(yuǎn tiào) - to look far into the distance

注视⭐

⭐(zhù shì) - to gaze at/look steadily at (focused attention)

凝视

(níng shì) - to stare/gaze intently (deeper, more emotional than 注视)

见证

(jiàn zhèng) - to witness/bear witness to

视野⭐

⭐(shì yě) - field of vision/perspective/outlook

翻滚

(fān gǔn) - to roll/tumble/surge

穿梭⭐

⭐(chuān suō) - to shuttle back and forth/weave through (like a shuttle on a loom)

平坦

(píng tǎn) - flat/level/even

追寻⭐

⭐(zhuī xún) - to pursue/search for/seek out

偶遇

(ǒu yù) - to chance upon/run into unexpectedly

布满

(bù mǎn) - to be covered with/filled with

幸存

(xìng cún) - to survive/to have survived

冲击

(chōng jī) - to impact/strike; shock/impact (also figurative)

贯通

(guàn tōng) - to run through/connect/master thoroughly

涌向

(yǒng xiàng) - to surge toward/pour into

抵抗

(dǐ kàng) - to resist/withstand

碧绿

(bì lǜ) - vivid green/jade green

滋润⭐

⭐(zī rùn) - moist/nourishing; to moisten/enrich

泛黄

(fàn huáng) - to turn yellow (as paper or leaves age)

澎湃

(péng pài) - surging/roaring; passionate/overwhelming

年轮

(nián lún) - tree rings; figuratively, the passage of time

一刹那

(yī chà nà) - in an instant/a split second

沧海桑田⭐

⭐(cāng hǎi sāng tián) - the sea turns into mulberry fields — profound change over time

此起彼伏⭐

⭐(cǐ qǐ bǐ fú) - one rises as another falls; in continuous succession/undulating

灯火通明

(dēng huǒ tōng míng) - lit up with bright lights/blazing with light

烟火缭绕

(yān huǒ liáo rào) - smoke and fire swirling around; festive/lively atmosphere

不惑之年

(bù huò zhī nián) - the age of 40; the age of no longer being confused (from Confucius)

娓娓讲述⭐

⭐(wěi wěi jiǎng shù) - to narrate in a gentle, flowing, engaging way

岁末冬至

(suì mò dōng zhì) - year's end and winter solstice; the close of the year

悲欢离合⭐

⭐(bēi huān lí hé) - the joys and sorrows of parting and reunion; the full range of life's emotions

无论⋯

(wú lùn) - no matter (what/where/who/how); regardless of

• 无论奔跑到哪里，眼中景色不变 — No matter where you run, the scenery before your eyes stays the same

⋯，宛如⋯

(wǎn rú) - just like/as if — used for vivid comparisons

• 三角屋顶，三层楼房，三面草影，宛如迷宫 — triangular rooftops, three-storey buildings, grass on three sides, just like a maze

集⋯于一体

(jí…yú yī tǐ) - to combine/integrate multiple elements into one

• 集旅游、观光、娱乐、购物于一体 — combining tourism, sightseeing, entertainment, and shopping all in one

直至

(zhí zhì) - right up until/all the way to (marks a long stretch of time reaching an endpoint)

• 一年，两年，直至千年 — one year, two years, right up to a thousand years

彼时

(bǐ shí) - at that time/back then (literary; refers to a past moment in context)

• 彼时趴在东边"老翁树"上远眺的毛弟和伙伴们 — Back then, Maodi and his friends, gazing into the distance from the old tree to the east…