health occs kahoot chapter 5

Which term describes methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease?

Infection prevention.

What is an infection acquired in a healthcare setting during medical care delivery called?

Healthcare-associated infection (HAI).

Pathogenic microorganisms are best defined as:

Harmful microbes capable of causing infection or disease.

Which of the following is TRUE regarding bacteria?

Bacteria occur in 3 basic shapes: round, rod, or spiral.

How do pathogenic bacteria primarily cause cell damage or tissue death?

By producing harmful chemical toxins.

Which microbe must invade a host cell and incorporate its genetic material into host DNA to replicate?

Virus.

Yeasts and molds belong to which category of microorganisms?

Fungi.

An infection limited to a specific location in the body with local symptoms is a:

Localized infection.

Which of the following is a classic symptom of a systemic infection?

High fever, chills, and drop in blood pressure.

Microorganisms grow best in environments that are:

Warm and moist.

How many links in the chain of infection must be broken to prevent disease transmission?

Only 1 link.

In the chain of infection, what is the term for a place where a pathogen lives and multiplies?

Reservoir.

Which link in the chain of infection is broken when a PCT performs proper handwashing?

Mode of transmission.

A PCT receives a Hepatitis B vaccination. Which link in the chain of infection is affected?

Susceptible host.

Touching an object contaminated by an infected person is an example of:

Indirect contact.

Which of the following is considered a portal of exit?

Nasal discharge from a sneeze.

Nonintact skin includes skin broken by:

Abrasions, cuts, rashes, pimples, or incisions.

Measures used in healthcare settings to reduce and prevent pathogen spread are called:

Medical asepsis.

What does surgical asepsis achieve?

An area completely free of all microorganisms.

An uninfected person with a weakened immune system who is at risk for disease is a:

Susceptible host.

Standard Precautions mandate treating blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes as infected on who

On every single person under a PCT's care.

Which federal agency issues guidelines to protect and improve public health and safety?

CDC.

Which federal agency enforces safety rules to protect workers from job hazards?

OSHA.

Under Standard Precautions, which fluid is EXCLUDED unless visible blood is present?

Sweat.

Mucous membranes line body cavities that open to the outside, including:

Mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, and genitals.

What should a PCT do immediately if blood or body fluids splash onto intact skin?

Immediately wash skin with soap and water.

Giving mouth care or perineal care requires a PCT to wear:

Gloves.

How should used syringes and sharps be handled after a procedure?

Drop directly into biohazard sharps container without recapping.

Body fluids being saved for a specimen must be:

Clearly labeled and placed in leakproof containers.

If splashing or spraying of blood/body fluids is possible, the PCT must wear:

Mask, goggles or face shield, and gown.

The CDC defines hand hygiene as:

Washing hands with soap/water or using alcohol hand rub.

What is the single most important action a healthcare worker can take to prevent disease spread?

Washing hands.

When lathering hands during handwashing, friction should be applied for AT LEAST:

20 seconds.

Why must hands be held lower than elbows with fingertips pointing down during rinsing?

To prevent water running from forearms to clean hands.

How should a PCT turn off the water faucet after washing hands?

Using a clean, dry paper towel.

Why are artificial nails prohibited for PCTs providing direct patient care?

They harbor dense colonies of bacteria under the nail bed.

Which item of PPE is always put on (donned) LAST when equipping a full set?

Gloves.

What is the correct rule regarding glove cuffs and an isolation gown?

Pulling glove cuffs completely over the gown sleeves.

Which item of PPE is removed (doffed) FIRST when leaving an isolation area?

Gloves.

What is the correct sequence for DOFFING (removing) a full set of PPE?

Gloves -> Goggles/Shield -> Gown -> Mask -> Wash hands.

Transmission-Based Precautions are used:

In addition to Standard Precautions for infected/suspected patients.

Which respirator is required when caring for a patient on Airborne Precautions (e.g. TB)?

N95 or HEPA respirator.

Droplet Precautions are used for diseases spread by droplets traveling no more than:

6 feet.

Contact Precautions require healthcare workers to wear which PPE upon entering room?

Gown and gloves.

All PPE must be removed before exiting a patient's isolation room EXCEPT:

N95 Respirator.

Bloodborne pathogens can be transmitted through:

Contact with infected blood, needle sharing, or sexual contact.

How long can Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) survive outside the body on dry surfaces?

At least 7 days.

According to OSHA, employers must offer which vaccine free of charge to exposed employees?

Hepatitis B vaccine.

Which of the following is an engineering control for sharps safety?

Safety needle with hinged or sliding protective shield.

What is the immediate first action a PCT must take after an accidental needlestick?

Immediately wash area with soap/water and report to supervisor.

How should soiled bed linens be folded and carried?

Rolled with dirty area facing inward and held away from uniform.

Why must healthcare workers NEVER shake dirty bed linens?

Shaking spreads microorganisms into air and onto surfaces.

The process that destroys MOST pathogens but not all (reducing count) is:

Disinfection.

What cleaning process destroys ALL microorganisms, including bacterial spores?

Sterilization.

In biohazard blood spill cleanup, contaminated paper towels and gloves go in a:

Red biohazard bag.

What does the acronym MDRO stand for?

Multidrug-Resistant Organism.

Why fail alcohol-based hand rubs against Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)?

C. diff forms hard protective spores resistant to alcohol.

What is the MANDATORY hand hygiene method when caring for a patient with C. diff?

Washing hands thoroughly with soap and water.

Which of the following is an EMPLOYER responsibility regarding infection prevention?

Providing free PPE and training.

Which of the following is an EMPLOYEE responsibility regarding infection prevention?

Following Standard Precautions and reporting exposure incidents immediate