foundations of health chapter 3

Socioeconomic status (SES)

The social standing or class of an individual or group, typically measured by education, income, and occupation within a society.

Health equity

The attainment of the highest level of health for all people, ensuring everyone has fair and just opportunities to reach full health potential.

Empowerment

A social action process through which individuals and communities gain mastery and self-determination over their lives and environment.

Basic/functional literacy

Sufficient foundational reading and writing skills required to function effectively in everyday personal and social contexts.

Communicative/interactive literacy

Advanced cognitive and social skills used to actively participate in daily activities, extract meaning from communication, and adapt to changing circumstances.

Critical literacy

Advanced analytical and cognitive skills applied to critically evaluate information and exert greater control over life events and decisions.

Learning poverty

The condition of being unable to read and understand a simple text by age 10.

AAHPERD

American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance.

AAHE

American Association of Health Education.

APHA

American Public Health Association.

SOPHE

Society for Public Health Education.

SPM

Society for Prospective Medicine.

Popular press

Sources of edited information tailored for the general public that are not governed by professional, academic, or peer-reviewed research organizations.

Modifiable risk factors

Influences or exposures contributing to disease that can be altered, prevented, or controlled through behavioral changes or interventions.

Non-modifiable risk factors

Inherent traits or characteristics that cannot be changed or controlled, such as age, biological sex, race, and genetic predisposition.

Communicable diseases

Illnesses caused by biological agents or their toxic products that are transmissible from an infected individual, animal, or reservoir to a susceptible host.

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)

Medical conditions or illnesses that are not caused by infectious agents and cannot be transmitted from person to person.

Pathogen

A biological agent, such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, or parasite, capable of causing disease in a host.

Adherence

An active and sustained commitment to following a recommended treatment, regimen, or course of action.

Optimum potential

The highest attainable level of capability, functioning, or performance an individual can reach.

Health equity

Attainment of highest level of health for all people, regardless of differences

Forms of health literacy

Basic/functional literacy- basic reading and writing

Communicative/interactive Literacy- Using information to apply it to specific situations

Critical literacy- The ability to analyze information to gain control over areas of health (aka Personal literacy)

Learning Poverty

Unable to ready by age 10 due to low access to educational materials etc

Examples of governmental health agencies

International: World Health Organization (WHO)

National: Health Human Services (HHS), CDC, EPA

State: Health Department

Local: local Health Department, School districts

4 factors that determine whether an audience trusts a messenger

Honesty

Empathy

Dedication to audience

Competence

Non Governmental health agencies that are credible

Philanthropic and voluntary: AHA, Red Cross, St Judes, Feeding America, Mothers against drunk Drivers

Professional Health Organizations: composed of board of members with a common profession who govern research, great sources, publish research periodicals Ex: AAHPERD, AAHE, APHA, SOPHE, SPM

Current research

4 years or less

Credible research articles should contain

Abstract

Introduction

Methodology

Results

Discussion

Determinants of health

Human Biology

Environment

Lifestyle

Healthcare Organizations

Risk factors

Modifiable

Non Modifiable

Miasma Theory

“Bad Air” Causing Disease

Components of Communicable chain of infection

Organism (pathogen)

Human Resovoir - where the pathogen is held

Portal of exit- how it leaves the host

Transmission

Portal of entry

How does TOP model differ from others