E2 General Terms (Pre-List, through 11)

Kylon

First to attempt to become Athenian tyrant.

Solon

Tyrant who drafts new legislation, addresses inequalities in wealth, abolished debt slavery, limits funeral displays.

Peisistratos

Athenian Tyrant. Temple construction on the Acropolis, built water supply system and altar of 12 gods in Agora.

Synoecism (6th-7th C)

Unification of Athens (Time)

Kylonian Affair

632 BCE. Attempted coup during the Olympic Games; supporters stoned to death.

594

Year of Solon’s Archonship – mandate to address stasis.

Atimos

Without Honor. Title for attempted tyrants.

Acropolis

Athens Religious Center

Altar of the Twelve Gods

Set up by Peisistratos in the geographic center of Athens.

Agora

Civic and economic center of Greek polis.

Panathenaia

“All Athens” festival expanded by Peisistratos, promoted Athenian identity and community.

Peisistratos’ Sons

Hippias & Hipparchos

Hippias

Harsh tyrant driven out of Athens in 510 BC with Spartan help.

Hipparchos

Son of Peisistratos assassinated by Harmodios and Aristogeiton in 514 BCE.

Trittys

A deme or cluster of demes; means “1/3” because three of these made up one tribe.

Monument of the Eponymous Heroes

Marble podium in the Agora with bronze statues who represented 10 tribes of Athens.

Boule

Council of 500 who created agenda for Assembly & handled day-to-day management of the state.

Ekklesia

Assembly of all male citizens. Met at the Pnyx & voted on legislation proposed by the Boule.

Stoa Buildings

Long, narrow structure, walls on three sides, interior/exterior colonnade. Some have shops in back.

Ostracism

Annual vote to expel people; meant to protect against tyranny.

Stoa of Zeus Eleutherios (430-420 BCE)

Pi-shaped stoa with two projecting wings & a statue of Zeus in front.

451

Year of citizenship law change; Both parents must be Athenians.

Archons

Magistrates that supervise the affairs of the city; elected annually.

Polemarch

War archon

Archon Basileus

King Archon; chief priest.

Eponymous Archon

Managed affairs of the city.

Misthos

Payment for jury duty

Areopagus

“Hill of Ares”– more ancient Council than Boule

Festival Grants

Instituted by Perikles in 5th C for citizens too poor to afford price of theatre tickets to festivals.

Ephialtes’ Reforms

Seems to strip Areopagus of some its “extra” powers & give them to Boule. Seen as removal of last vestiges of oligarchy.