tavernia pk2

Silk Roads

Land-based trade routes that linked Eurasia.

Samarkand, Kashgar, Dunhuang

Cities along the Silk Roads

Bills of Exchange

a written order to a person requiring the person to make a specified payment to the signatory or to a named payee also known as a promissory note.

Neo-Confucianism

The Confucian response to Buddhism by taking Confucian and Buddhist beliefs and combining them into this. Mostly Confucian.

Temujin

birth name of the Mongol leader better known as Chinggis Khan, or "Universal Ruler"

Yuan Dynasty

(1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureuacrats.

Ming Dynasty

Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.

Karakorum

Capital of the Mongol empire under Chinggis Khan

Sea Roads

The world's largest sea-based system of communication and exchange before 1500 C.E. Centered on India, it stretched from southern China to eastern Africa.

Chinese Junk

A very large flat-bottom sailing ship produced in the Tang and Song Empires, specially designed for long-distance commercial travel.

Great Zimbabwe

A powerful state in the African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast.

Emperor Yongle

Ruled China from 1402-1424 during the Ming Dynasty. Promoted naval expansion and dispatched Zheng He

Sand Roads

A term used to describe the routes of the trans-Sahara trade in Africa.

Mansa Musa

Emperor of the kingdom of Mali in Africa. He made a famous pilgrimage to Mecca and established trade routes to the Middle East.

Crusades

A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.

Cahokia

The dominant center of an important Mississippi valley mound-building culture, located near present-day St. Louis, Missouri.

Pochteca

Special merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items

Caravanserai

inn or rest station for caravans

Flying Cash

system of credit where merchants deposit money at one location and withdrawal at another.

Banking House

An establishment engaged in banking or offering financial services; a bank, (now often) specifically a merchant or investment bank.

Zen Buddhism

a Japanese school of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizing the value of meditation and intuition.

Mongol World War

Term used to describe half a century of military campaigns, massive killing, and empire building pursued by Chinggis Khan and his successors in Eurasia

Khubilai Khan

Reigned in China after establishing the Yuan Dynasty; he actively promoted Buddhism; descendant of Chinggis Khan.

Marco Polo

Venetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade.

Black Death

A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351

Monsoons

seasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons

Arab Dhow

Arab ships used in Indian Ocean - had triangular sails that allowed them to sail in the wind

Melaka

The first major center of Islam in Southeast Asia, a port kingdom on the southwestern coast of the Malay Peninsula.

Zheng He

Chinese admiral during the Ming Dynasty, he led great voyages that spread China's fame throughout Asia

Arabian Camel

An important way of transportation on the Sand and Silk roads for thousands of years

House of Wisdom

Combination library which preserved many works over a long period of time

American Web

The network of trade that linked parts of the pre-Columbian Americas. Provided a means of exchange for luxury goods and ideas over large areas

Chaco Phenomenon

Name given to a main process of settlement and societal organization that occurred among the peoples of Chaco canyon, in what is now Northwestern New Mexico; the society formed there is notable for its settlements in large pueblos and for the building of hundreds of miles of roads.