Vertebral Structure and Vertebral Column

vertebral body

vertebral arch

lamina

pedicle

vertebral foramen

spinous process

transverse process

superior articular process

inferior articular process

vertebral facet

smooth flat surface on the superior and inferior articular processes

costal facet

smooth flat surface found on the vertebral body and transverse processes of THORACIC vertebrae only

projection = dens, bone = axis (C2)

Name this projection and the bone it is on

atlas (C1)

name this bone

\*the spinous process and \*the vertebral body

what two major structures are missing from the atlas?

atlantoaxial joint

name the joint between C1 and C2

occipital condyles

what specific part of the skull does the atlas articulate (form a joint) with?

transverse foramen

name this opening

cervical

in which section of the vertebral column can you find transverse foramina in each vertebra?

7

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

12

how many vertebrae are thoracic?

5

how many vertebrae are lumbar?

5

how many vertebrae sacral vertebrae are there?

4

how many coccygeal vertebrae are there? (Typically)

thoracic

which type of vertebra has costal facets?

median sacral crest

sacral foramina

superior articular processes

transverse lines

coccyx

sacral promontory

thoracic

which section of the vertebral column has vertebrae with long, inferiorly angled spinous processes?

intervertebral disc

intervertebral foramen

spinal cord

what structure occupies the vertebral foramen?

spinal nerve

what structure occupies the intervertebral foramen?

\*Cervical \*bifed (split) spinous process

what type of vertebra is this? How do you know?

costal facet (for articulation with ribs)

identify this structure and its purpose

\*inferior articular process is not distinct, looks like wings of the spinous proess \*spinous process is long/points inferiorly

What type of vertebra is this? How do you know?

lumbar vertebra

what type of vertebra is this?

cervical vertebra

what type of vertebra is this?