bias

Cognitive Bias

A systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, leading to illogical inferences about other people and situations.

Causal Illusion

A psychological phenomenon where an individual perceives a cause-and-effect relationship between two events that are actually uncorrelated or occurring independently.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms or supports preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

Selection Bias

A distortion in analysis resulting from how sample data is gathered, leading to a sample that is not representative of the target population.

Implicit Bias

An unconscious association, belief, or attitude toward a social group that operates outside an individual's conscious awareness.

Availability Bias

A mental shortcut relying on immediate, easily recalled examples when evaluating a specific topic, concept, or decision.

Survivorship Bias

A logical error involving focus solely on successful outcomes or entities that passed a selection process while ignoring those that failed.

Framing Effect

A phenomenon where decision-making is influenced by whether information is presented with positive or negative connotations.