Latin Vocabulary List

Essential Latin vocabulary cards covering major adjectives, adverbs, conjunctions, idioms, nouns, and verbs from the course glossary.

acerbus, acerba, acerbum

bitter, harsh, grievous

acutus, acuta, acutum

Sharp

Adversus, Adversa, adversum

Opposite, hostile, adverse

aeger, aegra, aegrum

Sick, unwell

aeneus, aenea, aeneum

Made of metal

aequus, aequa, aequum

level, even, calm, equal, just, favorable

Aeternus, aeterna, aeternum

Eternal

Aetherius, aetheria, aetherium

Celestial

Albus, alba, album

White

alienus, aliena, alienum

belonging to another, strange, out of place

beatus, beata, beatum

happy, fortunate, blessed

candidus, candida, candidum

shining, bright, white, beautiful

clarus, clara, clarum

bright, clear, famous, renowned, illustrious

dignus, digna, dignum

worthy, deserving, suitable (+abl)

durus, dura, durum

hard, harsh, rough, stern, unfeeling, difficult

gratus, grata, gratum

pleasing, agreeable, grateful (+dat)

inimicus, inimica, inimicum

unfriendly, hostile

plenus, plena, plenum

full, abundant, generous

audax, audacis

bold, courageous

brevis, breve

short, small, brief

celer, celeris, celere

swift, quick, rapid

facilis, facile

easy, agreeable

fortis, forte

strong, brave

gravis, grave

heavy, severe, important, serious, weighty

ingens, ingentis

huge

potens, potentis

able, powerful, mighty, strong

sapiens, sapientis

wise, judicious

tristis, triste

sad, sorrowful, joyless, grim, severe

vetus, veteris

old

alius, -a, -ud

other, another, different

alter, altera, alterum

the other (of two)

adeo

so, so much, so far

cottidie or cotidie

daily, every day

denique

finally, at last, lastly

diu

for a long time

frustrā

in vain, without reason

iam

now, by this time, already, soon

olim

once, at that time, formerly, in the future

saepe

often

tandem

at last, at length

autem (postpositive)

however, moreover, but, on the contrary

donec

while, until, as long as

dummodo

if only, provided that, so long as

igitur

therefore, consequently

quamquam

although

quoniam

since, inasmuch as

gratias agere

to give thanks to

opus est

there is need of

orbis terrarum

circle of lands, the world

poenas dare

to pay a penalty

prima luce

at the first light, at daybreak

se recipere

to withdraw, take oneself

vela dare

to set sail

amicitia, amicitiae (F)

friendship

copia, copiae (F)

abundance, supply, (pl) troops, supplies, forces

cura, curae (F)

care, concern, anxiety, attention, caution

insidiae, insidiarum (F pl)

ambush, plot, treachery

animus, animi (M)

mind, rational spirit, soul, (pl) courage, pride

arma, armorum (N pl)

arms, weapons, armor

consilium, consilii (N)

counsel, plan, advice, purpose, judgment, wisdom

imperium, imperii (N)

authority, power, empire, command, control

ingenium, ingenii (N)

nature, talent, disposition, natural quality

otium, otii (N)

leisure, peace

aetas, aetatis (F)

time of life, age, life, time

caput, capitis (N)

head, leader, beginning, heading, chapter

civis, civis (M/F)

citizen

dux, ducis (M)

leader, guide, commander, general

genus, generis (N)

descent, origin, race, sort, kind, class

homo, hominis (M)

human being, man

hostis, hostis (M)

enemy, stranger

ius, iuris (N)

right, law, justice

mors, mortis (F)

death

mos, moris (M)

custom, manner, habit, (pl) character

virtus, virtutis (F)

manliness, courage, excellence, virtue, worth

vis, vis; (pl) vires (F)

force, power, violence, (pl) strength

vox, vocis (F)

voice, word

exercitus, exercitus (M)

army

fructus, fructus (M)

enjoyment, fruit, profit, benefit

manus, manus (F)

hand, band, troop, handwriting

metus, metus (M)

fear, dread, anxiety

dies, diei (M)

day

fides, fidei (F)

faith, trust, trustworthiness, fidelity, promise

res publica, rei publicae (F)

state, republic, commonwealth

spes, spei (F)

hope

apud

at, near, among, at the house of

arbitror, arbitrari, arbitratus sum

to think, believe, judge, witness, decide, consider

cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatus

to think, ponder, consider, plan

conor, conari, conatus sum

to try, attempt

do, dare, dedi, datus

to give, grant, offer

hortor, hortari, hortatus sum

to urge, encourage, exhort

audeo, audere, ausus sum

to dare

careo, carere, carui, caritus

to lack, be without, de deprived of, want (+abl)

doceo, docere, docui, doctus

to teach

iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussus

to order, command, bid

maneo, manere, mansi, mansus

to remain, stay (behind), abide, continue

teneo, tenere, tenui, tentus

to hold, keep, possess, restrain

ago, agere, egi, actus

to do, drive, discuss, spend time, conduct, lead

cerno, cernere, crevi, cretus

to distinguish, discern, perceive, see, sift

cogo, cogere, coegi, coactus

to drive/bring together, force, compel

credo, credere, credidi, creditus

to be credulous, believe, be trusting, trust (+dat)