Overview of Canada: Demographics, Politics, and History

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key demographic facts, economic pillars, political structure, cultural aspects, and historical milestones of Canada.

Modern Population of Canada

The population of Canada recorded as more 40 million residents in oct. 2026 by Worldometer. (Less than France : more than 66 million)

Pillars of Canada's Economy

The two foundational sectors of the Canadian economy: services and natural resources.

Political System of Canada

A constitutional monarchy where the British monarch is Head of State (represented by a Governor General) combined with a federal system consisting of 10 provinces and 3 territories.

Mary May Simon

The current Governor General of Canada mentioned in the slides, who is Inuk.

Canadian Index of Well-Being

A framework associated with core Canadian values: democracy, peace/non-violence, politeness, fairness, diversity/inclusion, and economic stability.

Southern Border Population Concentration

The dense settlement pattern along Canada's southern border, shaped by economic opportunities with the US, a more favorable climate, access to fresh water, and historical settlement patterns.

India (2022 Immigration)

The top source country of permanent residents admitted to Canada in 2022, with over 118,000 arrivals.

Cultural Influences on Canada

The blend of five distinct cultural influences forming Canadian culture: French, British, American (predominant), Native, and immigrant cultures.

Three Starting Blocks of Canadian History

The foundational historical phases: 1) First human arrivals, 2) European colonization (written history), and 3) Canada as a sovereign nation.

Kanata

A Huron-Iroquois (Wendat/Haudenosaunee) word meaning "village", serving as the linguistic origin of the name "Canada".

1763 End of the Seven Years War

The conclusion of the Seven Years War where France lost, establishing the British Crown as the dominant colonial ruler over both French settlers and Native lands.

British North America Act of 1867

The legislation granting Dominion status to Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, and Quebec to establish self-rule, celebrated as Canada Day on July 1st.

Sale of Rupert's Land (1870)

The transaction wherein Britain convinced the Hudson's Bay Company to sell Rupert's Land to Canada to explicitly block and prevent American expansionism following the US purchase of Alaska in 1867.

Statute of Westminster (1931)

A statute that made Canada a self-governing dominion with independent legislative power, though Britain could still alter its Constitution.

Constitution Act of 1982

The act signed by PM Pierre Trudeau and Queen Elizabeth II through which Canada achieved total constitutional sovereignty.