PY-372 Ch. 9 Intergroup Behavior: Stereotypes and Prejudice

Stereotypes

Belief about a group (neutral thing)

Prejudice

An unjustifiable dislike for a group

Discrimination

Unjustifiable behavior towards a group

What are some reasons why people see other people through stereotypes

• They need to act quick (Peripheral route processing)

• They have no other diagnostic info besides the stereotype (Rubinstein, 2018)

• They care little for the truth (Bodenhausen, 1994)

Explain these reasons for why people engage in Prejudices against other people.

1. Belief in a just world

2. Scapegoat theory

3. Conflict theory

4. Social identity theory

5. Outgroup homogeneity

6. Conformity theory

1. Comforting belief that the world is just, and people get what they deserve

   • Ex (victim blaming)

2. People have a deep desire to have someone to blame

   • Ex (Jews in the 30s)

3. People’s prejudices forming through competition (0 sum game)

   • (Sherif, 1961) Study dividing kids

   • Ex (Americans hating Mexicans for taking jobs)

4. self-image and self-esteem are tied to group membership

5. Thinking everyone outside your group is the same

6. People’s hate isn’t real, it’s socially adapted

   • Coal mine study showed miners were chiller when in the mines (Minard, 1952)

1. What did the Clark & Clark study show?

2. Why was it not that valid?

1. Found black girls preferred white dolls to black dolls

2. The black dolls looked like shit

Stereotype threat

One exemplifying a stereotype because of their awareness of it rather than it being right

Self fulfilling prophecy

Behavioral confirmation

1. Contact Hypothesis

2. What was the takeaway of the Jigsaw Classroom study?

3. What was the takeaway of the Eagles and Ratters study?

1. Interpersonal contact between members of different groups can effectively reduce prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination

2. The (1978,1979, 2000) Jigsaw Classroom studies showed that replacing competitive school environments with interdependent cooperative learning groups significantly reduced racial prejudice.

3. Sherif’s 1961 Eagles and Rattlers study showed that when a groups has little contact with an outside group they build very small prejudices, but when they have competition they build strong prejudice, and when both groups have a common goal they unit.

1. What are Minimal group paradigm studies?

2. What do they show?

1. A research method to find the absolute minimum conditions required to cause people to show intergroup bias

2. Even in arbitrary groups, people tend to have an in group bias/favoritism

1. Public Goods dilemma

2. Common Goods dilemma

1. Dilemma where everyone must contribute to a common pool of goods to maintain the public good (ex. Taxes, blood donation)

2. Dilemma where everyone takes from a common pool of goods, if people take moderately that pool will be replenish, but if people take to much it will not replenish (ex. Water usage, carbon emissions)