NCTI Field Tech 2 to 3

What is one reason why broadband cable operators install fiber optic cables in stages instead of changing the infrastructure all at once

Changing the infrastructure all at once would cause too many service disruptions

What is the difference between FTTN and FTTC

FTTC is allowed a smaller number of RF amplifiers between the optical fiber and the customer premises

Which of these components is used in a PON(Passive Optical Network)

Optical Splitters

Which type of Star topology used in a PON(Passive Optical Network) places the PON splitters into FATS(Fiber Access Terminals) located deep in the network and closer to the customer premises than the centralized split

Distributed Star

Which element of a PON(Passive Optical Network) uses a Bragg grating filter

OLT(Optical Line Terminal)

Which element of a PON(Passive Optical Network) uses Patch Panels

ODN(Optical Distribution Network)

What is it about Radio Frequency over Glass(RFoG) that made broadband cable operators envision using it to make a seamless transition from the legacy hybrid/fiber coax(HFC) architecture over to a gigabit-capable passive optical network (GPON) or Ethernet passive optical network (EPON)

RFoG can operate in parallel with GPON or EPON, which eliminates the need for any downtime during the transition

How are optical splitters used in the forward path

In the forward path, optical splitters are used as passive branching devices that divide an optical signal across multiple output fibers

Which of the following describes a fiber pigtail

Fiber-optic cable with pre-connectorized ends

Heat Shrink tubing is installed over the fusion-splice to strengthen and protect it. When should the heat shrink be installed on the fiber

Before stripping the plastic coating from the fiber

Which of the following is a method for controlling expectations

focus on the bigger picture rather than smaller tasks

Which of the following best describes stereotyped thinking

Presuming that all members of a group have certain characteristics

The attribute of being "active" as a critical thinker means

You observe and take notes relevant to the issue

What kind of reasoning is described as applying a general statement that you know to be true to a new situation

Deductive

It is essential to pay attention to warning signs of stress overload. Poor attitude is one of the behaviors that may indicate that you are overstressed. What are the symptoms of poor attitude behavior

A significant change in attitude with a noticeable movement toward negative, hostile, cynical, or paranoid thoughts

You are at a customer's house and you are asking the customer whether the problem is intermittent or constant. Which step are you using from the six-step troubleshooting process

Identifying the problem

Why should you take the time to take notes and accurately record data at each job location

Notes and recorded data are tools that can help you accurately remember events at a site that can help you determine a plan of action or evaluate the decisions you made

You are at a customer's home and you believe you have solved the problem. When you check to be sure there are no new problems, which step are you using

Verifying the Solution

To break the habit of a negative self-talk cycle

Tell yourself "not now" and move onto a positive thought whenever negative thoughts occur

By taking control of the expectations you have you are

more likely to improve your motivation and be a better problem solver

Which of the following characterizes the successful troubleshooter

Someone with an inquisitive and relentless desire to solve and fix problems

What must a technician be aware of when analyzing a Digital TV(DTV) problem

There is frequently more than one contributor to a specific DTV service problem

After a digital TV(DTV) service problem has been analyzed and possible causes considered, what is accomplished by isolating the various network elements

It narrows the scope of likely problem sources

During which step of the six-step troubleshooting process for a digital TV(DTV) service problem are QAM(Quadrature amplitude modulation) channel measurements typically taken

Diagnosing symptoms

When replacing a splitter to resolve a digital TV(DTV) service problem, what does confirming the splitter output levels before attaching the output connectors do?

Confirmation reinforces the tech's confidence that the problem will be resolved by replacing the splitter

Which of the following DTV(digital TV) trouble calls could have been avoided with customer education about the product

the digital set-top box(STB) overheats

When troubleshooting a digital TV(DTV) authorization issue, what can be verified using the set-top box(STB) diagnostic page

STB reception of authorization message data

Which type of set-top box (STB) operates more like Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification(DOCSIS) cable modems with return channels on the same frequencies used for cable modems

STB with DOCSIS Set-top Gateway(DSG) client software and embedded DOCSIS modems

Because the spectral density of a quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) channel is much higher than that of an analog TV channel, what is done to ensure equal power in all channels in a network with analog and digital modulation channels

Operate the analog TV channels at higher amplitude level than the QAM channels

What does a set-top box (STB) diagnostic page of a quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) channel showing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) near or below 30 dB indicate

the QAM channel quality is on the edge for reliable reception, and the source of the problem is likely in the distribution network or customer premises

Which Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) layer is used by cable modem termination system (CMTS) to differentiate between cable modems

the DOCSIS Media Access Control (MAC) Layer

What was introduced in Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification(DOCSIS) 3.0 to allow enough bandwidth for upstream carriers from previous DOCSIS versions

The option to increase the top frequency of the upstream to 85MHz

In a Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) network, why is the data throughput over the return or upstream path typically less than the throughput of data over the forward or downstream path

Compared to the downstream path, the narrower bandwidths and lower orders of modulation used to transport data over the return path cause the downstream and upstream data throughput to be unequal or asymmetrical

What would be the downstream throughput if two quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) channels with a throughput of 38 Mbps were bonded

76 Mbps

What are two features that were added in Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification(DOCSIS) 3.1 to extend the viability of hybrid fiber/coax(HFC) network into the next decade

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM) and low-density parity-check (LDPC)

How does Internet Protocol (IP) multicast differ from IP broadcast

IP multicast traffic is only sent to specific modem addresses on the network; IP broadcast traffic is sent to all modems on the network

Which step in the troubleshooting process requires a discussion with the customer to gather more detail about the problem

Step 1: Identify the Problem

When analyzing a problem, what can the technician learn by asking the customer to show or demonstrate the problem

The symptoms of the problem can be viewed and any unusual screens or customer entries can be identified

When using a digital signal analyzer to troubleshoot data throughput in the Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) network, what is the minimum modulation error ratio(MER) into the cable modem for a 256-quadrature amplitude modulation(QAM) carrier

32 dB or greater

What layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model are specific to cable networks and are present only between Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) modems and the cable modem termination system (CMTS)?

Layers 1 through 4 (Physical layer, Data Link Layer, Network Layer, and Transport Layer) are applied between the DOCSIS modem and CMTS

A customer reports a problem of no dial tone(NDT) Upon Inspection, the tech notices that new carpenting has been installed. What should the tech do next

Look for a cable that runs under the carpet; it is likely that the cable has a short from the carpeting tack strip

What is the likely problem when there is dial tone on one phone connected to an outlet, but not on two other phones connected to two different outlets

An open circuit caused by a break in a conductor, poor contact in a modular connector, or an incorrect wire connection

In the customer premises, what could cause some dual tone multifrequency (DTMF) touch-tone telephones to have continuous dial tone caused by polarity reversal, but not other DTMF telephones

The telephone wiring polarity is incorrect, and the customer has a mix of older and newer DTMF touch-tone telephones

What should be checked as a possible cause of hum on a customer's telephone line

Shielding problems in the station wiring, poor terminations, or poor grounding and bonding connections

What is the difference between the wiring configurations for a residential 8-position, 8-contact(8P8C) modular plug and jack in the Universal Service Order Codes (USOC) and ANSI/TIA/EIA 570-B

The placement of pair numbers 3 and 4

How is silver satin cable used to connect telephone equipment to wall outlets typically pinned

Reversed at opposite ends, or cross-pinned

In unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cable, what is the term that describes when an information-carrying conductor makes contact with a grounded conductor

Ground Fault

After resolving the problem with the premises wiring issue, which of the following is the next step in the six-step process that the tech should take

Verify that the problem has been resolved and that phone service is running perfectly on all phones

If the telephone wiring is in the bus topology and the twisted-pair cable tester is connected at the embedded multimedia terminal adapter (EMTA) with the remote unit connected to the last outlet in the loop, what is the quickest way to locate the incorrectly wired outlet if the tester indicates a wiring error?

Break the loop into smaller sections and retest the two sections to identify which one has the wiring error. Continue to divide the section with the error into smaller sections until the wiring error is identified

How should the digital multimeter (DMM) be used to troubleshoot problems in the telephone wiring?

Use the voltmeter function; both the network interface device (NID) and the embedded multimedia terminal adapter (EMTA) provide a steady on-hook voltage

What is it called when several computers are sharing files without a WAP

Ad-Hoc Mode

What is the standard encryption method used with WPA2

AES

When configuring a wireless router, why is changing the service set identifier (SSID) from the device default recommended

To avoid telling hackers exactly what the device is

Which mode uses a wireless access point (WAP) connected to a wired network

Infrastructure

In regard to Wi-Fi networks, what is WPS used for

To enable connection to a Wi-Fi network without a Windows interface

Which encryption method is the most secure for a wireless network

WPA2

How many channels are available with IEEE 802.11g

11

What is the last step of the basic wireless access point (WAP) setup

Apply Security

All 802.11 standards use one of two frequency bands. What are these frequency bands

2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands

What uses the 2.4 GHz band and runs at 54 Mbps

802.11g

Which organization regulates the use of wireless local area network (WLAN) devices in the United States

The Federal Communications Commision (FCC)

Which of the following IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network (WLAN) standards specifies both spread spectrum RF and Infrared (IR) transmission tech

802.11

Why has it become cost-effective for enterprise companies to integrate wireless local area network (WLAN) segments into their networks

The cost of wireless tech has decreased and the quality has increased

Which one of the following wireless standards utilizes the 5 GHz frequency band for its signal transmissions

802.11n

Why are wireless local area networks (WLAN) usually deployed in an access capacity instead of as the network's core layer

WLANS are generally incapable of meeting the requirements of the network core layer, which needs to be very fast and stable, able to handle a tremendous amount of traffic with little difficulty and must experience no down time

In which Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model layer do wireless local area networks (LAN) operate

The Data Link Layer

What type of connectivity is needed to connect networks between two buildings located across the street from each other

Point-to-point (P2P)

In which of the following applications might a wireless local area network (WLAN) be deployed in a distribution layer role

When the network requires speed, flexibility, and reliability

What specific problem does a wireless local area network (WLAN) resolve for corporations and home users

Excessive data cabling

What challenges do Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISP) have to overcome in order to provide "last mile data delivery" to customers

Distance to access points (AP), rooftop access, lightning, trees, mountains, tower access, and other physical obstacles to connectivity

In what manner do radio waves propagate (move) away from the source (antenna)

In a straight line in all directions at once

Which one of the following radio frequency (RF) behaviors is defined as "the bending of a wave as it passes through a medium of different density"

Refraction

Which of the voltage standing wave ratios (VSWR) shown below is best for transferring radio frequency (RF) energy between connections?

1.2:1

What are some measures that can be taken to prevent high voltage standing wave ratios (VSWR) in transmitters and receivers

Tighten connections between cables and connectors and use impedance-matched hardware throughput

How does radio frequency line-of-sight (RF LOS) differ from visual LOS

LOS is accompanied by a Fresnel Zone, a series of concentric ellipsoid-shaped areas around the visual LOS path

Why is the Fresnel Zone important to the integrity of the RF link or path

The Fresnel Zone defines an area around the RF line-of-sight (RF LOS) that can introduce RF signal interference if blocked

What is Equivalent Isotopically Radiated Power (EIRP)

The power actually radiated by the antenna element

What unit of measurement is used to express the gain of an antenna

Decibels over, or under 1 milliwatt (mW)

Given an access point (AP) with 100 milliwatts (mW) of output power connected through a cable with 3 dB of loss to the antenna with a 10 decibels isotropic dBi gain, what is the approximate Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) level from the antenna in Milliwatts

500 mW

An antenna cable connects the transmitter to an amplifier, and the power into the amplifier's input measures 50 mW. The amplifier increases the signal to the original transmitter's power level and sends the signal to the antenna. The antenna recieves the signal from the amplifer at 75 mW, and then transmits at 150 mW. What is the intentional IR power level in this radio frequency (RF) circuit

75 mWWhen

Which of the following networks or products use spread spectrum tech

Wireless local area networks, Bluetooth, and global positioning systems

Why is spread spectrum tech used in applications such as Bluetooth wireless personal area networks (WPAN)

Spread Spectrum tech allows wireless networking to create a short range, personal communications network

In a frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) system that uses 10 frequencies across a 12 MHz frequency band, what happens if narrowband interference occurs at only one of the 10 frequencies

The spread spectrum signal remains intact. Instead of being lost, the data on the interfered frequency is retransmitted on one of the other nine frequencies

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules regarding power output for frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) state that a maximum output to the intentional radiator (IR) with 5 MHz of carrier frequency bandwidth must be which one of the following

125 mW

The ratio of the chipping code to data bits for a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) signal is called which of the following

Processing Gain

Which component of frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) system creates more overhead than any similiar component in a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system

the interframe spacing

How does spread spectrum tech reduce the probability of signal jamming

By transmitting over a wide frequency spectrum

Although there are many different implementations of spread spectrum tech, what are the only types specified by the FCC in the Codes of Federal Regulation (CFR), volume 47, part 15

Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS)

Why is Direct Sequencing Spread Spectrum (DSSS) the most widely known and the most used of the spread spectrum types

Its ease of implementation and high data rates

What is the width of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) channels and how far apart are their center frequencies spaced

22 MHz and 5 MHz

What Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) device can be described as a half-duplex device with intelligence equivalent to that of a sophisticated Ethernet switch

an Access Point (AP)

What are some common methods used to configure and manage access points (AP)

Telnet/ssh (Secure Shell), USB, and a built in web server for browser access

What is a half-duplex device that is only capable of (OSI) reference model Layer 2 connectivity

A wireless bridge

Which statement best describes protocol filtering that has been implemented in a wireless bridge

Allowing or denying wireless traffic using Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model Layer 4 ports to filter Layer 7 applications

Which statement best describes a network application for which a wireless workgroup bridge is the best suited

When remote buildings house small groups of wired clients needing wireless access to the main network

Which wireless client devices require drivers to be installed on the client node

Wireless client devices on printed circuit (PC) cards that are to be installed in peripheral component interconnect (PCI) or Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) adaptors

Residential Gateways have been around for quite some time, but what capability was added to connect to Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and 802.11ac compliant devices

Wireless capability

You are designing a wireless network to which several functional workgroups are connected. You want to configure your enterprise wireless gateway to allow you to quickly assign identical network access rights to persons within the same workgroup. Which enterprise wireless gateway feature provides this capability

Role-Based Access Control

What security service in an enterprise wireless gateway enables the wireless network administrator to assign levels of service to a particular user

Class of Service (CoS)

Why should a wireless network administrator consider installing an enterprise wireless gateway in their network

The enterprise wireless gateway enables the wireless network administrator to manage a large wireless network using only a few central device instead of a very large number of access ports