DE VA/US History Mid-Term

The American colonies settled by the English and the Spanish in the Caribbean, Central America, and South America often led to conflicts with this group

Native Americans

The first Africans to work on tobacco plantations arrived when?

1619

What was the primary form of government in the New England colonies?

Town meetings, direct democracy

The primary form of government in the Southern colonies was what?

Representative Legislature

The people who immigrated to the middle colonies were seeking what?

Religious freedom, economic opportunity

Numbers of enslaved Africans were forcibly brought to the Southern colonies along a route known as the

Middle Passage

A slavery-based agriculture economy in the Southern colonies eventually led to a conflict between the North and South resulting in the

Civil War

Which colony was an early attempt at social reform by relocating prisoners from England?

Georgia

Which section of the colonies tended to maintain allegiances to the Church of England?

Southern colonies

In Southern colonies, society and class was based on family status and ownership of

land

Which of the colonies depended on shipbuilding and lumber for their economy?

New England colonies

The _________ was a religious movement that swept both Europe and the colonies during the mid-1700s.

Great Awakening

What was the first elected legislative body in the New World established in 1619? It has operated continuously and today is known as the Virginia General Assembly.

House of Burgesses

The main economic activity of Virginia was _______ due to its large coastal plains.

farming/tobacco

A group of people who agree in a contract to come to the colonies and work for a certain time period in exchange for payment of passage were called what?

Indentured Servants

What was the chief motivation of New England’s settlers to come to the New World?

Religious Freedom

What area of colonial America was dominated by the Puritans who were often intolerant of other religions?

New England

What town was settled by the Virginia Company of London as a business venture and was the first permanent English settlement in the New World?

Jamestown

What two cities were large seaports and commercial centers in the Middle Colonies?

New York City and Philadelphia

English nobility in the Southern colonies were called ________, especially in areas in and around VA.

cavaliers

Which colony was founded by dissenters like Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson fleeing persecution from Puritans in Massachusetts?

Rhode Island

The French and Indian War was a rivalry between _______ and _______ in North America.

France, Britain

Known as the “shot heard ‘round the world,” what skirmishes later became known as the first battles of the American Revolution?

Lexington and Concord

Most taxes levied on the colonists were put in place by Britain to help pay for the ______.

French and Indian War

Also known as Whigs, who believed in complete independence from England?

Patriots

Most of what colonial group believed that taxation of the colonies was justified to pay for British protection?

Loyalists, Tories

With aid from the French Army and Navy, the Americans were able to claim an enormous victory at _________, and this victory would lead to British surrender and the end of the American Revolution.

Yorktown

What Enlightenment thinker is know for his Social Contract Theory and belief in Natural Rights?

John Locke

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

What are the three natural rights afforded to people in the Declaration of Independence?

Life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

What are the three natural rights afforded to people by John Locke?

Life, liberty, and property

What pamphlet challenged rule of the American colonies by the King of England and contributed to a growing sentiment for independence?

Common Sense

What battle was a turning point in the American Revolution? Afterward the French would make the decision to send troops to the colonies.

Saratoga

How many votes did a state receive in Congress under the Articles of Confederation?

One

Who is the Father of the Constitution?

James Madison

Which document written by George Mason stated that basic human rights should not be violated by government?

Virginia Declaration of Rights

Which document written by Thomas Jefferson outlawed an established church?

Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom

Federalists supported a _______ national government.

strong

Why was the election of 1800 so important?

It was the first peaceful transition of power between political parties.

Who approved the Louisiana Purchase?

Thomas Jefferson

Who was the Louisiana Territory purchased from?

France

Who explored the Louisiana Territory?

Luis and Clark

Why is Marbury v. Madison considered a landmark case in American history?

It establish Judicial Review.

Why is McCulloch v. Maryland a landmark case in American history?

Implied Powers

Why is Gibbons v. Ogden a landmark case in American history?

Interstate Trade

What was the American policy of trying to prevent European powers from interfering in political affairs in the western hemisphere with the agreement that America would remove itself from any European affairs or conflict?

Monroe Doctrine

What is the period of rapid growth during early 1800s American identified by an increase in manufacturing and factories?

Industrial Revolution

Who invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts?

Eli Whitney

What were the results of Texas’ War for independence?

Texas being annexed into the U.S.

What was the belief that it was America’s duty and right to stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific?

Manifest Destiny

Because of the Indian Removal Act pushed through Congress by President Jackson, several Native American tribes were relocated from Atlantic Coast states to Oklahoma. What was this march called?

Trail of Tears

What period in history was characterized on equality in politics, rise of interest groups and sectional issues, changed campaigning, and increased voter participation?

Age of Common Man

What is it called when winners of an election use public office to benefit members of the winning party?

Spoil’s System

Which section of the United States supported high protective tariffs?

Northern States

What compromise repealed the Missouri Compromise, including popular sovereignty in the territories? This legislation also lead to “Bleeding Kansas” and the eventual birth of the Republican Party.

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Which compromise allowed California to enter as a free state, while Southwestern territories acquired from Mexico would get to decide slavery on their own?

Compromise of 1850

Which compromise set up an East-West line through the Louisiana Purchase with slavery prohibited in the North and legal in the South?

Missouri Compromise of 1820

The Nullification Crisis began over a disagreement between the North and South over what?

Tariffs

Who published The Liberator?

William Loyd Garrison

Woman’s rights were discussed in 1848 at what convention where the Declaration of Sentiments was drafted?

Seneca Falls Convention

What two women are renowned for their work in the women’s suffrage movement?

Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Katie Stanton

Who wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin?

Harriet Beecher Stone

Why did the South secede after Lincoln was elected?

He wanted to abolish slavery (maybe).

Name the eleven seceding states.

Virginia

North Carolina

South Carolina

Georgia

Florida

Tennessee

Alabama

Mississippi

Arkansas

Louisiana

Texas

Name the four border states.

Delaware

Kentucky

Missouri

Maryland

What is considered the start of the Civil War?

Fort Sumpter

What did Lincoln do that shocked the American people?

He put troops on his own citizens.

What is considered the first battle of the Civil War?

Battle of Bull Run

Who was the President of the Confederate States of America? Who was the VP?

President - Jefferson Davis

VP - Alexander Stephens

Who was the final general of the Union Amry?

General Ulysses S. Grant

Who did President Lincoln originally want to be the general of the Union Army?

Robert E. Lee

Who was the General of the Army of Northern Virginia?

Robert E. Lee

What was the first battle outside of the South and who won?

Antietam, Union

What speech did Abraham Lincoln give after Antietam? Why was it important?

Emancipation Proclamation, shifted purpose of war

What was the final battle in the North and who won? What was it considered?

Battle of Gettysburg, Union; turning point in the war

What speech did Abraham Lincoln give after Gettysburg? Why did he give this speech?

Gettysburg Address, wanted everyone to know the war was happening to keep the Union together

What did William T. Sherman do to the South and what was his campaign called?

Sherman’s March to the Sea, total war

How did the Civil War end? Where did they meet for the surrender? Who surrendered?

Confederacy defeated; Appomattox Court House, VA; Confederate General Robert E. Lee

Did Lincoln run for office again?

Yes

How did Lincoln die and why?

Assassinated at Ford’s Theater because they did not like that he wanted to abolish slavery.

What was Reconstruction?

It put the South back together after and during the Civil War.

Who took over after Lincoln died?

Andrew Johnson

What did Lincoln want to do with the South opposed to the Radical Republicans?

Lincoln did not wish to punish the South, while Radical Republicans took over afterwards and put military in the South.

What is the 13th Amendment?

Abolished slavery

What is the 14th Amendment?

Equal rights to all un-American people in the U.S.

What is the 15th Amendment?

Every single MAN can vote

What is the Compromise of 1877?

Radical Republicans gained electoral votes, Southern Democrats were granted more political powers, and military removed from South