NERO Exam II Drugs + Receptors

Glutamate Receptors

IM; I = AMPA (most common) and NMDA (learning and memory). AA.

GABA Receptors

IM; I = GABAa (admits Cl- and targeted by sedatives). M = GABAb. AA.

GABA Drug

Benzodiazepines

Acetylcholine pathway origination

Basal forebrain by basal ganglia

ACh Receptors

IM; I = Nicotinic (muscles; excitatory), M = Muscarinic (exc or inh). Quaternary Amine.

Dopamine (DA) Receptors

M; M = D1-D5. D2 target of schizophrenia drugs. Catecholamine Amine.

Dopamine Pathways

Mesostriatal: motor control. Midbrain to sub. nigra to basal ganglia.

Mesolimbocortical: reward. Ventral tegmental are to limbic system to cortex/nucleus accumbens.

Serotonin Receptors

B, but all but 1 M: 5-HT; 5-HT2A targeted by psychedelics. Amine Indoleamine.

Location of most seratonergic cells

Raphe nuclei

Norepinephrine (NE) Receptors

M; alpha1-2, beta1-3. Amine catecholamine.

NE Receptor Locations

Locus coeruleus and lateral tegmental area (both on brainstem)

Opioid Receptors

M: kappa, delta, mu. Peptides.

Oxytocin NT type and where it is produced

Opioid and produced in the hypothalamus

Opioids: property and site of binding

Analgesic; mu

Opium's endogenous equivalent

Endorphins and Oxytocin (mostly endorphins)

Cannabinoid “high” chemical

THC - partial agonist (full agonist for synthetic versions)

Cannabinoid anxiolytic/analgesic

CBD; allosteric modulator

Cannabinoid Receptors

CB1 and CB2; CB1 most abundant GPCRs in the brain; CB2 in immune cells. Inhibitory

Endocannabinoid feature and types (2)

Lipids (break rules like gases). Anandamide (AEA) most studied and 2-AG has modest analgesic effects

Pure Stimulants

Nicotine, cocaine, amphetamine (methamphetamine)

Nicotine: _____ for ______ receptors on neurons in the _____. Too much causes _____.

Agonist; cholinergic; VTA; involuntary muscle contractions

Alcohol

Stimulant (glutamate) and depressant (GABA).

Psychedelics (2) and their receptors/type

LSD and MDMA; 5-HT2A agonists