2.7 Population Policies Review

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, historical examples, enforcement mechanisms, and impacts of pro-natalist, anti-natalist, and eugenics population policies.

Natal

Relating to the place or time of one's birth.

Anti-natalist Policy

A restrictive population policy where governments try or tried to control population growth through laws impacting fertility rates.

Pro-natalist Policy

An expansive population policy where governments try or tried to expand or encourage population growth through incentives and laws.

China's One-Child Policy

An anti-natalist policy introduced in $1979$ and tightened in $1982$ to prevent starvation and control population growth.

Urban Incentives and Penalties (China)

Under China's policy, urban $1\text{-child}$ families received a monthly allowance until the child was $14\text{ years}$ old, preferential housing, school admissions, and pensions; penalties included fines equal to $3\text{--}10$ times household income, abortion pressure, and forced sterilization for $2\text{nd}$ pregnancies.

Rural Incentives (China)

Under China's policy, rural $1\text{-child}$ families received extra work points until the child reached $14\text{ years}$ old, along with the same size grain ration and plot size as $2\text{-child}$ families.

Gendercide

The systematic killing of members of a specific gender, or the reduction of the proportion of a particular gender (typically female) in a population through selective abortion or infanticide.

Bare Branches

A term used in China to describe unmarried men resulting from skewed sex ratios, accounting for up to $70\text{ million}$ men.

Dowries

Payment that is given to the groom's side to marry the bride into the family.

India's Population Policy History

The $1\text{st}$ country to develop an anti-natalist program, which struggled because power is decentralized in its federal state, it contains many languages, religions, and cultures, and policies were met with suspicion of eliminating specific groups.

1970s Forced Sterilization in India

By the late 1970’s china was facing starvation. Forced sterilization is about13 million ment

Eugenics Policies

Policy to create “superhumans”, encourage some to breed and sterilize others .

Oliver Wendell Holmes Statement (1927)

A $1927$ Supreme Court statement regarding eugenic laws in the United States: "Three generations of imbeciles is enough!"

Subsidy

Where the government eats up or takes care of some of the cost, such as for daycare.