Comprehensive Radiographic Pathology - Skeletal System- Test Review

The shaft of any long bone is termed?

Diaphysis

The end of a long bone is referred to as the?

Epiphysis

The special types of cells responsible for the diameter growth of bones are?

Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts

The common area(s) of the body radiographed to determine bone age is/are?

Wrist and hand

What pathologic condition is present if bony neural canal of vertebra is splitting?

Spina bifida

Osteopetrosis considered as additive or subtractive pathology?

additive

Aging and postmenopausal hormonal changes are the major causes of generalized______________?

Osteoporosis

An inherited generalized disorder of connective tissue characterized by multiple fractures and a bluish color of the sclera of the eye is?

Osteogenesis

Lack of vitamin D in the diet of infants and children can cause a systemic disease is called?

Rickets

A disorder of metabolism causing an increased blood level of uric acid is called?

Gout

A benign projection of bone with a cartilage-like cap occurring around the knee in children or adolescents is?

Osteochondroma

An example of a malignant bone tumor is?

Osteogenicsarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma

The form of noninfectious arthritis characterized by osteoporosis, soft tissue swelling, and erosions of the metacarpophalangeal joints and ulnar styloid processes?

Rheumatoid arthritis

The extremely common form of arthritis that is characterized by loss of joint cartilage and reactive new bone growth (bony spurs) and that is part of the normal wear of age is?

Osteoarthritis

Inflammation of the small fluid-filled sacs that are located around joints and that reduce friction is termed?

Bursitis

The most common metabolic skeletal disease is?

Paget's disease

In what type of fracture is the skin broken?

Compound

What type of fracture consists of more than two fragments?

Comminuted

What term applies to the new calcium deposits that unite fracture sites?

Callus

What type of fracture occurs in bone weakened by some preexisting condition, such as a metastatic lesion or multiple myeloma?

Pathologic

What is the name for the type of fracture that can occur from falling on the outstretched hand and that involves the distal portion of the radius?

Colles'

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine (more that 20 degrees) is known as?

Scoliosis

What medical term refers to a cleft in the pars interarticularis commonly involving the fifth lumbar vertebra?

Spondylolysis

The bone is covered on the outer surfaces except at joint surfaces by a fibrous membrane called the ________

periosteum

The hollow tubelike structure within the diaphysis is the ________

Medullary cavity

A weblike arrangement of marrow-filled spaces separated by thin bone is compact bone. True or False

False (Cancellous (spongy) bone)

An _____ cell is associated with bone resorption and bone removal.

Osteoclastic

Rheumatoid arthritis begins as an inflammation of the synovial membrane (synovitis and it causes proliferation of the synovium). True or Falae

True

An insufficient mineralization of the adult skeleton appearing as a loss of bone density is _____________

Osteomalacia

Skull is the most common initial site of Paget's disease. True or False

False (Pelvis)

Proliferation of fibrous tissue in the medullary cavity is _____

Fibrous dysplasia

Forward displacement of one vertebra on the other resulting in back pain caused by cleft in the pars interarticularis is _____________

Spondylolisthesis

Match the radiographic appearance with the disease.

1. Paget's

2. Rickets

3. Multiple Myeloma

4. Giant cell tumor

a. soap bubbles

b. punched out osteolytic lesions

c. cotton wool appearance

d. cupped metaphyseal end of long bone

1- c

2- d

3- b

4- a

Match the following terms related to fractures:

1. Avulsion

2. Comminuted

3. Compression

4. Dislocation

5. Oblique

6. Spiral

7. Subluxation

8. Transverse

a. Partial loss of joint continuity

b. Compaction of bone resulting in a decreased length or width

c. Loss of contact with normal articulation

d. Encircles the bone shaft

e. More than two fragments

f. Small bony fragment pulled from a prominence

g. At a right angle to the long axis of the bone

h. Approximately 45° to the long axis of the bone

1- f

2- e

3- b

4- c

5- h

6- d

7- a

8- g

Bone tumors are the most common primary sites for metastatic bone disease. True or False

False (prostate, thyroid and breast cancer)