orgo reactions

Hydrohalogenation.

H-BR, H-Cl, H-I

Mark, non stereo, can rearrange

Halogenation

Reagents: Br₂ or Cl₂ in an inert solvent
non regio and anti addition

4. Halohydrin formation

Reagents: Br₂/H₂O or Cl₂/H₂O

regio, OH on more sub Carbon, anti addition

Acid-catalyzed hydration

Reagents: H₂O/H₂SO₄ or H₃O⁺
Forms: Alcohol.

mark, non stero, rearrangement possible

Oxymercuration–reduction

Reagents: 1. Hg(OAc)₂, H₂O 2. NaBH₄
Forms: Alcohol.

mark and anti addition

Hydroboration–oxidation

Reagents: 1. BH₃·THF 2. H₂O₂, NaOH
Forms: Alcohol.

anti mark and syn addition

Dihydroxylation

Reagents: 1. OsO₄ 2.NMO
Forms: Vicinal diol—two OH groups on adjacent carbons.

non regio and syn addition

Epoxidation

Reagents: mCPBA or another peroxyacid, RCO₃H
Forms: Epoxide—a three-membered ring containing oxygen.

non regio

Ozonolysis

Reagents: 1. O₃ 2. (CH3)2S or Zn/ AcOH
Forms: Aldehydes and/or ketones by cutting the C=C and putting C=O at each former alkene carbon

Periodic acid cleavage

Reagents: HIO₄
Forms: Aldehydes and/or ketones by cutting the C–C bond between adjacent OH-bearing carbons.

2 alcohols on next to carbons

Hydrogenation

Reagents: H₂ with Pd/C, Pt, or Ni
Forms: Alkane.

non regio, syn addition