Module 3: Chapter's 6 & 7 Cell Structures and Membrane Transport

What component of a plasma membrane strengthens it and stabilizes it at extreme temperatures?

Sterols like cholesterol

The function of this cell structure is to regulate the internal chemistry of the cell by controlling what gets in and out.

Cell Membrane

What component of a plasma membrane regulates movement of substances across?

Proteins

A type of lipid found in plasma membranes, _________ strengthen the membrane so it's less likely to be punctured or tear, and prevent it from freezing or melting at extreme temperatures.

Sterols (e.g.,cholesterol)

Because they are embedded within the membrane, ion channels are examples of:

Integral membrane proteins

When a cell membrane grows extensions to surround a large particle located outside of its membrane, and eventually takes the entire particle into the cell via this newly-formed vesicle.

Phagocytosis

What is "interstitial fluid"?

The aqueous solution on the outside of a cell

Which of the following is a result of exocytosis?

The cell releases a bunch of molecules that cannot otherwise diffuse across the cell membrane

This is a general term for any molecule or ion that binds to a receptor and, when bound, causes that receptor to change shape. (This usually initiates some sort of interesting cellular activity, like a chemical reaction or the opening of a protein channel).

Ligand

To concentrate a solute on one side of a plasma membrane, the cell may _______ to move the solute against its concentration gradient..

Expand energy

This organelle uses oxygen to make ATP energy.

Mitochondria

Within this organelle, dehydration synthesis reactions fuse monomers to create a variety of lipids and carbohydrates.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

This organelle produces digestive enzymes that break down obsolete cell parts or destroy foreign material that was engulfed by the cell.

Lysosome

This organelle builds microtubules and promotes the equitable distribution of assets during cell division.

Centrioles

Which structure extends the cell membrane in order to increase the cell's surface area? This increases the pace of diffusion of molecules into (or out of) the cell.

Microvilli