ITS-250: Midterm - Repetition Structures

Iterable

An object that is similar to a list. It contains a sequence of values that can be iterated over with something like a loop

Target Variable

The target of an assignment at the beginning of each loop iteration

Initialization, Comparison, Update

The three actions that your code must perform in order to write a count-controlled while loop

Initialization

The counter variable must be initialized to a suitable starting value before the loop begins

Comparison

The loop must compare the counter variable to a suitable ending value, to determine whether the loop should iterate or not

Update

During each iteration, the loop must update the counter variable with a new value

Counter Variable

A variable that is assigned a unique value during each iteration of a loop

Infinite Loop

If a loop does not have a way of stopping it is called an ___. They repeat until the program is interrupted

Pretest Loop

The while loop is known as a ___, which means it tests its condition before performing an iteration

Iteration

Each execution of the body of a loop

Count-Controlled Loop

Repeats a specific number of times

Condition-Controlled Loop

Uses a true/false condition to control the number of times that it repeats

Repetition Structure

Causes a statement or set of statements to execute repeatedly

False

To calculate the total number of iterations of a nested loop, add the number of iterations of all the loops

False

It is not necessary to initialize accumulator variables

True

In a nested loop, the inner loop goes through all of its iterations for every single iteration of the outer loop

True

The while loop is a pretest loop

Augmented Assignment

The -= operator is an example of a(n) operator

Accumulator

A(n) ___ variable keeps a running total

Sentinel

A(n) ___ is a special value that signals when there are no more items from a list of items to be processed. This value cannot be mistaken as an item from the list

Garbage In, Garbage Out

GIGO stands for ___

Input

The integrity of a program's output is only as good as the integrity of the program's ___

Priming Read

The input operation that appears just before a validation loop is known as the ___

Error Traps

Validation loops are also known as ___

Break

The ___ statement causes a loop to terminate early

Continue

The ___ statement causes a loop to stop its current iteration and begin the next one

Else

When the ___ clause is used with a loop in Python, it executes when the loop ends normally, without encountering a break statement

True

T/F: inner loops complete their iterations faster than outer loops

Multiply

To get the total number of iterations in a nested loop, ___ the number of iterations of all the loops

Input Validation

The process of inspecting data that has been input to a program, to make sure it is valid before it is used in a computation

Loop

A control structure that causes a statement or group of statements to repeat as many times as necessary is known as a(n) _____

Diamond

The symbol that represents the condition being tested

Starting Value

The first argument passed to the range function

Ending Limit

The second argument passed to the range function

Step Value

The third argument passed to the range function